Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on the Yields, Nutritive Value and Silage Fermentation Quality of Whole-crop Wheat.
Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on the Yields, Nutritive Value and Silage Fermentation Quality of Whole-crop Wheat.
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DOI：
10.5713/ajas.15.0737
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发表时间：
2016-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zhang JG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Li CJ;Xu ZH;Dong ZX;Shi SL;Zhang JG
全株小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）作为饲料在世界上得到了广泛的应用。研究了不同施氮量对青贮玉米产量、营养价值和青贮品质的影响。施氮量分别为0、75、150、225和300 kg/ha。研究结果表明，全季小麦干物质产量随施氮量的增加而显著增加，施氮量达到150 kg/hm 2后，干物质产量趋于稳定。全麦粗蛋白含量和体外干物质消化率随施氮量的增加而显著增加，施氮量为225 kg/hm 2时，全麦粗蛋白含量和体外干物质消化率显著增加，施氮量为300 kg/hm 2时，全麦粗蛋白含量和体外干物质消化率不再增加。相反，随着施氮量的增加，各种纤维含量呈下降趋势。青贮饲料中乳酸、乙酸和丙酸含量随施氮量的增加而增加（p<0.05）。高施氮量（≥225 kg/hm 2）青贮料的氨态氮含量显著高于低施氮量（≤150 kg/hm 2）青贮料。全季小麦施氮量高，硝态氮积累量高。综合考虑产量、营养价值、青贮品质和安全性，在本试验条件下，全株小麦适宜施氮量为150 kg/hm 2左右。
Whole-crop wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as forage has been extensively used in the world. In this study, the effects of N application rates on the yields, nutritive value and silage quality were investigated. The N application rates were 0, 75, 150, 225, and 300 kg/ha. The research results indicated that the dry matter yield of whole-crop wheat increased significantly with increasing N rate up to 150 kg/ha, and then leveled off. The crude protein content and in vitro dry matter digestibility of whole-crop wheat increased significantly with increasing N up to 225 kg/ha, while they no longer increased at N 300 kg/ha. On the contrary, the content of various fibers tended to decrease with the increase of N application. The content of lactic acid, acetic acid and propionic acid in silages increased with the increase of N rate (p<0.05). The ammonia-N content of silages with higher N application rates (≥225 kg/ha) was significantly higher than that with lower N application rates (≤150 kg/ha). Whole-crop wheat applied with high levels of N accumulated more nitrate-N. In conclusion, taking account of yields, nutritive value, silage quality and safety, the optimum N application to whole-crop wheat should be about 150 kg/ha at the present experiment conditions.