A metagenomic snapshot of taxonomic and functional diversity in an alpine glacier cryoconite ecosystem
A metagenomic snapshot of taxonomic and functional diversity in an alpine glacier cryoconite ecosystem
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DOI：
10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035003
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发表时间：
2013-07-01
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Sattler, Birgit
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Edwards, Arwyn;Pachebat, Justin A.;Sattler, Birgit
冰尘是一种微生物-矿物质的集合体，它使冰川的冰面变暗。微生物过程和标记基因PCR依赖的测量揭示了极地冰川上活跃和多样的冰尘微生物群落。在这里，我们提供了第一份报告的cryoconite宏基因组和文化的独立研究高山cryoconite微生物多样性。我们使用Illumina HiScanSQ从奥地利阿尔卑斯山Rotmoosferner消融区的cryoconite孔中组装了1.2 Gbp的宏基因组DNA测序。宏基因组揭示了一个细菌占主导地位的社区，变形菌（62%的细菌分配的重叠群）和拟杆菌（14%）比蓝细菌（2.5%）丰富得多。真核生物宏基因组以链霉菌DNA为主。与N、Fe、S和P循环相关的功能基因说明了一种获取性趋势和基于有效氨循环的氮循环。32个宏基因组数据集的比较揭示了cryoconite和宏基因组之间的功能配置文件的相似性，其特征在于从其他冷微生物-矿物聚集体。总的来说，宏基因组快照揭示了这个高山冰川的cryoconite生态系统依赖于清除来自异地来源的碳和营养物质，特别是通过风从冰缘栖息地运输的苔藓，与生产力测量表明的净异养一致。从单一的快照cryoconite宏基因组的比较分析的过渡主张。
Cryoconite is a microbe-mineral aggregate which darkens the ice surface of glaciers. Microbial process and marker gene PCR-dependent measurements reveal active and diverse cryoconite microbial communities on polar glaciers. Here, we provide the first report of a cryoconite metagenome and culture-independent study of alpine cryoconite microbial diversity. We assembled 1.2 Gbp of metagenomic DNA sequenced using an Illumina HiScanSQ from cryoconite holes across the ablation zone of Rotmoosferner in the Austrian Alps. The metagenome revealed a bacterially-dominated community, with Proteobacteria (62% of bacterial-assigned contigs) and Bacteroidetes (14%) considerably more abundant than Cyanobacteria (2.5%). Streptophyte DNA dominated the eukaryotic metagenome. Functional genes linked to N, Fe, S and P cycling illustrated an acquisitive trend and a nitrogen cycle based upon efficient ammonia recycling. A comparison of 32 metagenome datasets revealed a similarity in functional profiles between the cryoconite and metagenomes characterized from other cold microbe-mineral aggregates. Overall, the metagenomic snapshot reveals the cryoconite ecosystem of this alpine glacier as dependent on scavenging carbon and nutrients from allochthonous sources, in particular mosses transported by wind from ice-marginal habitats, consistent with net heterotrophy indicated by productivity measurements. A transition from singular snapshots of cryoconite metagenomes to comparative analyses is advocated.