Logjams as a driver of transient storage in a mountain stream
Logjams as a driver of transient storage in a mountain stream
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堵塞是山间溪流中临时存储的驱动因素
DOI：
10.1002/esp.5057
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Singha, Kamini
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ader, Ethan;Wohl, Ellen;McFadden, Sawyer;Singha, Kamini
我们沿着美国科罗拉多州落基山脉南部一条木材丰富、池状溪流的四个溪流段，研究融雪峰值流量期间和之后木材负载的空间变化和排放量的变化如何影响地表和地下瞬时储存的大小。段的复杂性范围从一个单一的渠道，没有大的木材到一个分支渠道与密集的，跨渠道的木塞。排放量的瞬时存储进行了评估，范围从基流融雪峰值流量。为了探索这些关系，我们使用了10个地貌变量，代表通道形态和床底质，四个木材相关的变量，代表木材负荷和相关的回水储存，以及两个措施的偏度，从瞬时和散装电导率突破曲线在示踪剂测试。内流曲线反映地表和地下瞬时存储，而体曲线主要表示地下瞬时存储。偏度值越高，表示保留越多，我们在这里使用这些值作为增加的瞬时存储的度量。虽然有限的样本量限制了我们的研究结果的力量，我们的研究结果表明，流段具有更大的瞬时大的木材负荷有更多和更大的池，更大的存储细沉积物和颗粒有机物，和更高的值从瞬时电导率的偏斜。结果还表明，存在的instantly木材，而不是在通道形态与木材的变化，是最重要的驱动程序的瞬态存储。这意味着旨在促进暂时储存的河流管理应侧重于保留河道内的大型木材。我们没有发现地貌或木材相关变量与体积电导率估计的偏斜之间存在显著相关性，这可能反映了现场区域中存在的相对较薄的冲积层以及该系统中表面瞬态存储的普遍性。
We use four stream segments along a wood‐rich, pool–riffle mountain stream in the Southern Rockies of Colorado, USA to examine how spatial variations in wood load and variations in discharge during and after the snowmelt peak flow influence the magnitude of surface and subsurface transient storage. Segments range in complexity from a single channel with no large wood to an anabranching channel with closely spaced, channel‐spanning logjams. Discharges at which transient storage was assessed range from base flow to snowmelt peak flow. To explore these relations, we used 10 geomorphic variables representing channel morphology and bed substrate, four wood‐related variables representing wood load and associated backwater storage, and two measures of skewness from instream and bulk electrical conductivity breakthrough curves during tracer tests. Instream curves reflect surface and subsurface transient storage, whereas bulk curves primarily represent subsurface transient storage. Higher values of skewness indicate greater retention, and we used the values here as a metric of increased transient storage. Although limited sample size restricts the power of our results, our findings suggest that stream segments with greater instream large wood loads have more and larger pools, greater storage of fine sediment and particulate organic matter, and higher values of skew from instream conductivity. The results also suggest that the presence of instream wood, rather than changes in channel morphology associated with wood, is the most important driver of transient storage. This implies that river management designed to foster transient storage should focus on retaining instream large wood. We did not find significant correlations between geomorphic or wood‐related variables and the skew estimated from bulk conductivity, which may reflect the relatively thin alluvium present in the field area and the prevalence of surface transient storage in this system.
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