The front basitarsal brush in Pachycondyla apicalis and its role in hydrocarbon circulation
The front basitarsal brush in Pachycondyla apicalis and its role in hydrocarbon circulation
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DOI：
10.1007/pl00001827
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发表时间：
2001-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Fresneau, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hefetz, A;Soroker, V;Fresneau, D
Pachycondylapicalis的工蜂咽后腺（PPG）化学组成包括烷烃、烯烃和二烯烃的烃的混合物，其中5，9-二十五碳二烯、5，9-二十七碳二烯和5，9-二十九碳二烯作为主要产物以及脂肪酸。PPG和表皮烃之间存在较大的一致性，然而后者具有较高比例的二十三烷和二十五烷，但仅痕量脂肪酸。这些蚂蚁在前腿上有一个发育良好的表皮毛刷，它们在梳理时经常通过嘴巴。由于这些刷有较高的碳氢化合物的量比中或后腿，我们假设，他们参与碳氢化合物的循环。我们评估的作用，前基底刷的碳氢化合物循环隔离他们从口腔，无论是通过限制前腿或阻塞口胶。在这两个实验中，防止基跗骨刷和口腔之间的接触24小时导致刷中的烃量显著增加，同时PPG降低。当蚂蚁在它们的腿被释放后再存活24小时时，PPG和前腿中的碳氢化合物含量恢复正常。作物含量的分析表明，与PPG中的烃类分布相同，但其量变化很大，处理和对照之间的量没有差异。我们假设部分PPG碳氢化合物通过消化道被清除，然后对束缚24小时后释放的蚂蚁进行4小时的梳理行为跟踪。有一个显着的增加，总梳理在第一个第三和第四个小时，但不是在第二个。在第一个小时，涉及前腿-嘴，前腿-触角，以及前腿和后腿的梳理特别密集。在释放后的第三个小时内，处理过的蚂蚁对后腿-身体的梳理更为密集。我们的结论是，前基底刷是一个网站的油气聚集和PPG接收频繁充电过程中自我梳理。
Worker postpharyngeal gland (PPG) chemistry of Pachycondyla apicalis constitutes a blend of hydrocarbons including alkanes, alkenes, and alkadienes, with 5,9-pentacosadiene, 5,9-heptacosadiene and 5,9-nonacosadiene as the major products as well as fatty acids. There is a large congruency between the PPG and cuticular hydrocarbons, however the latter had higher proportion of tricosane and pentacosane, but only traces of fatty acids. These ants have a well-developed cuticular hair brush on the front legs that they frequently pass through the mouth while grooming. Since these brushes have higher amounts of hydrocarbons than either the middle or hind legs, we hypothesized that they are involved in hydrocarbon circulation.We assessed the role of the front basitarsal brush in hydrocarbon circulation by isolating them from the buccal cavity, either by restraining the front legs or by blocking the mouth with glue. In both experiments, preventing contacts between the basitarsal brushes and the mouth for 24 hrs resulted in a considerable increase in hydrocarbon amounts in the brushes with a parallel decrease in the PPG. When the ants were kept alive for an additional 24 hrs after their legs were freed, hydrocarbon amounts in both the PPG and the front legs returned to normal. Analyses of crop content revealed the same hydrocarbons profile as in the PPG, but their amounts were very variable and there were no differences in amounts between the treatment and the control. We assume that part of the PPG hydrocarbons are cleared via the alimentary canal.Grooming behavior of ants restrained for 24 hrs and then freed was followed for four hours thereafter. There was a significant increase in total grooming during the first third and fourth hour, but not during the second. Grooming involving the front legs-mouth, and front legs-antennae, and the front and hind legs was especially intensive during the first hour. Grooming involving the hind legs - body was more intensive in the treated ants during the third hour following their release. We conclude that the front basitarsal brush is a site of hydrocarbon accumulation and that the PPG receives frequent charging during self-grooming.