Genetic basis and expression of ventral colour in polymorphic common lizards
Genetic basis and expression of ventral colour in polymorphic common lizards
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DOI：
10.1111/mec.17278
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发表时间：
2024-01-24
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Elmer，Kathryn R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Recknagel，Hans;Leitao，Henrique G.;Elmer，Kathryn R.
颜色是一种重要的视觉线索，可以与性别、行为、生活史或生态策略相关联，并且在不同的动物谱系中不断进化和趋同。它在非模式生物中的遗传基础很少为人所知，但这些信息对于确定颜色进化的驱动因素和机制至关重要。利用卵生和胎生普通蜥蜴（Zootoca vivipara）之间罕见接触区的遗传混合，我们发现两种形态上无法区分的生殖模式的雌性（N= 558）在腹侧颜色（从苍白到鲜艳的黄色）和黑色素图案的强度上有所不同。我们发现雌性体色与生殖投资之间没有关联，也没有证据表明雌性体色选择。结合遗传图谱和转录组证据，我们鉴定了两个与腹侧颜色分化相关的候选基因：DGAT2 和 PMEL。这些是已知分别参与类胡萝卜素代谢和黑色素合成的基因。腹侧黑色素斑点与两个基因组区域相关，包括靠近蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶（PTP）基因的 SNP。使用基因组重测序数据，我们的结果表明候选基因中的固定编码突变不能解释颜色的差异。总而言之，我们的研究结果表明，腹侧颜色的进化及其在常见蜥蜴谱系中的关联是可变的。解释腹侧颜色灵活性的一个潜在遗传机制可能是普通蜥蜴以及有鳞动物的颜色主要是由调节性遗传变异驱动的。
Colour is an important visual cue that can correlate with sex, behaviour, life history or ecological strategies, and has evolved divergently and convergently across animal lineages. Its genetic basis in non‐model organisms is rarely known, but such information is vital for determining the drivers and mechanisms of colour evolution. Leveraging genetic admixture in a rare contact zone between oviparous and viviparous common lizards (Zootoca vivipara), we show that females (N= 558) of the two otherwise morphologically indistinguishable reproductive modes differ in their ventral colouration (from pale to vibrant yellow) and intensity of melanic patterning. We find no association between female colouration and reproductive investment, and no evidence for selection on colour. Using a combination of genetic mapping and transcriptomic evidence, we identified two candidate genes associated with ventral colour differentiation,DGAT2andPMEL. These are genes known to be involved in carotenoid metabolism and melanin synthesis respectively. Ventral melanic spots were associated with two genomic regions, including a SNP close to protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) genes. Using genome re‐sequencing data, our results show that fixed coding mutations in the candidate genes cannot account for differences in colouration. Taken together, our findings show that the evolution of ventral colouration and its associations across common lizard lineages is variable. A potential genetic mechanism explaining the flexibility of ventral colouration may be that colouration in common lizards, but also across squamates, is predominantly driven by regulatory genetic variation.