Role and targeting of anaplastic lymphoma kinase in cancer.

Role and targeting of anaplastic lymphoma kinase in cancer.
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DOI:
10.1186/s12943-018-0776-2
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发表时间:
2018-02-19
期刊:
影响因子:
37.3
通讯作者:
Morgillo F
Morgillo F
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Della Corte CM;Viscardi G;Di Liello R;Fasano M;Martinelli E;Troiani T;Ciardiello F;Morgillo F

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间变性淋巴瘤激酶(ALK)基因激活参与了间变性大细胞淋巴瘤、肺癌、炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤、神经母细胞瘤等多种人类癌症的癌变过程,其激活方式可能是与其他致癌基因(NPM、EML4、TIM等)融合或基因扩增、突变或蛋白过表达。ALK是一种跨膜酪氨酸激酶受体,当配体与其细胞外结构域结合时,经历二聚化和随后的细胞内激酶结构域的自磷酸化。当在癌症中被激活时,它代表了特定抑制剂的靶标,如克里唑替尼、塞瑞替尼、阿勒替尼等,这些抑制剂已被证明对alk阳性患者,特别是alk阳性的非小细胞肺癌有显著的疗效。对这些抑制剂的几种耐药机制已经被描述,新的策略正在进行中,以克服当前ALK抑制剂的局限性。
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene activation is involved in the carcinogenesis process of several human cancers such as anaplastic large cell lymphoma, lung cancer, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors and neuroblastoma, as a consequence of fusion with other oncogenes (NPM, EML4, TIM, etc) or gene amplification, mutation or protein overexpression. ALK is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor that, upon ligand binding to its extracellular domain, undergoes dimerization and subsequent autophosphorylation of the intracellular kinase domain. When activated in cancer it represents a target for specific inhibitors, such as crizotinib, ceritinib, alectinib etc. which use has demonstrated significant effectiveness in ALK-positive patients, in particular ALK-positive non- small cell lung cancer. Several mechanisms of resistance to these inhibitors have been described and new strategies are underway to overcome the limitations of current ALK inhibitors.
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