Defective-interfering (DI) RNAs of influenza viruses: origin, structure, expression, and interference.
Defective-interfering (DI) RNAs of influenza viruses: origin, structure, expression, and interference.
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-642-70227-3_3
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发表时间：
1985
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
D. Nayak;T. Chambers;R. Akkina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Nayak;T. Chambers;R. Akkina
流感病毒是第一个被报道有缺陷干扰颗粒的病毒。冯·马格纳斯(1947)观察到，当流感病毒在鸡胚蛋中连续传代时，血凝单位(HAU)测定的总病毒颗粒数量和鸡蛋传染性滴度(EID50)测定的感染性病毒颗粒数量都减少。然而，他观察到，与总病毒颗粒(HAU)产量相比，EID50检测的感染性颗粒比例急剧下降。在未稀释的传代过程中，产生了许多无感染性的颗粒。冯·马格纳斯(Von Magnus，1951年a-c)也描述了这种干扰现象，他报告说，这些不完全的流感病毒粒子干扰了完整(传染性的、非缺陷的或标准的)病毒粒子的繁殖。这种非传染性病毒颗粒的产生依赖于多重性的现象也被称为“冯·马格努斯现象”。由于这一观察是在流感病毒中进行的，到目前为止，几乎所有仔细研究的动物病毒都观察到了类似的依赖于多样性的非传染性颗粒的形成；事实上，植物、酵母和细菌病毒也报告了这种颗粒的形成(Kaneet al.1979年；米尔塞特等人。1967)，因此，可能代表了所有病毒的普遍现象。“缺陷干扰”(DI)一词是由Huang和Baltimore(1970)提出的，用来描述这些非感染性颗粒的明确特征，并将它们与其他可能是非干扰性的非感染性颗粒区分开来。
Influenza virus was the first virus for which defective-interfering particles were reported.Von Magnus(1947) observed that when he passaged influenza viruses serially undiluted in embryonated chicken eggs, both the amount of total virus particles as assayed by hemagglutinating units (HAU) and the amount of infectious virus particles as assayed by egg infectivity titer (EID50) decreased. However, he observed that the proportion of infectious particles as assayed by EID50 decreased precipitously when compared to the total virus particle (HAU) production. During the undiluted passages many particles were produced which were noninfectious. These noninfectious influenza virus particles produced at high multiplicity were called “incomplete” particles.Von Magnus(1951 a–c) also described the phenomenon of interference when he reported that these “incomplete” particles interfered with the multiplication of complete (infectious, nondefective, or standard) virus particles. This phenomenon of multiplicity dependent production of noninfectious virus particles is also called the “von Magnus phenomenon.” Since this observation was made with influenza viruses, similar multiplicity-dependent formation of noninfectious particles has been observed with almost all animal viruses carefully studied to date; indeed, formation of such particles has also been reported for plant, yeast, and bacterial viruses (Kaneet al. 1979;Millset al. 1967) and, thus, probably represents a general phenomenon for all viruses. The term “defective-interfering” (DI) particles was introduced byHuangandBaltimore(1970) to describe the definitive characteristics of these noninfectious particles and to separate them from other noninfectious particles which may be noninterfering.