INDIVIDUAL RECOGNITION BY SONG IN WHITE-THROATED SPARROWS .3. SONG FEATURES USED IN INDIVIDUAL RECOGNITION
INDIVIDUAL RECOGNITION BY SONG IN WHITE-THROATED SPARROWS .3. SONG FEATURES USED IN INDIVIDUAL RECOGNITION
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DOI：
10.1139/z75-210
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发表时间：
1975-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
FALLS, JB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BROOKS, RJ;FALLS, JB
我们调查了歌曲的功能，重要的识别邻居播放自然和改变歌曲领土雄性白喉麻雀（Zonotrichia albicollis）。一首歌中音符的主要模式（上升或下降）提供的信息不足以识别，因为陌生的歌曲会被如此回应，无论它们在这方面是否与邻居的歌曲相似。仅由前三个音符组成的歌曲允许邻居-陌生人歧视。邻居的歌声以各种方式改变，但从未超出种群的正常变化范围。我们假设，如果对识别邻居的歌曲很重要的特征被充分改变，那么鸟类会对邻居的歌曲做出反应，就好像它们是陌生的歌曲一样。我们发现，超过5%至10%的变化，在音高的歌曲，音高的第一个音符，并可能音高之间的变化，第一和第二个音符干扰识别邻居的歌曲。相比之下，一首歌或第一个音符持续时间的15%的变化对识别没有影响。依赖于音高识别是符合目前的知识自然变化的歌曲个别白喉麻雀和听觉歧视的鸟类。比较了鸣唱在物种识别和个体识别中的特点。
We investigated features of song important in recognition of neighbors by playing natural and altered songs to territorial male white-throated sparrows (Zonotrichia albicollis). The major pattern (ascending or descending) of notes in a song provided insufficient information for recognition, since strange songs were responded to as such, whether or not they resembled neighbors' songs in this respect. Songs consisting of only the first three notes permitted neighbor–stranger discrimination. Neighbors' songs were altered in various ways, though never beyond the normal range of variation for the population. We assumed that if features important for recognition of neighbors' songs were altered sufficiently, the birds would respond to neighbors' songs as though they were strange songs. We found that a change of more than 5 to 10% in pitch of the song, pitch of the first note, and possibly pitch change between the first and second notes interfered with recognition of a neighbor's song. In contrast, changes as great as 15% in duration of a song or of the first note had no effect on recognition. Reliance on pitch for recognition is consistent with present knowledge of natural variation in songs of individual white-throated sparrows and of auditory discrimination of birds. Features of song used in species and individual recognition are compared.