Changing varicella epidemiology in active surveillance sites - United States, 1995-2005
Changing varicella epidemiology in active surveillance sites - United States, 1995-2005
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DOI：
10.1086/522156
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发表时间：
2008-03-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Seward, Jane F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guris, Dalya;Jumaan, Aisha O.;Seward, Jane F.
据报道，1995年至2000年，在加利福尼亚州羚羊谷（AV）和宾夕法尼亚州西费城（WP）的水痘活跃监测点，水痘发病率显著下降。我们检查了1995-2005年病例患者的发病率、中位年龄和疫苗接种状况。覆盖数据来自全国免疫调查。到2005年，19-35月龄儿童的覆盖率达到92% （AV）和94% (WP)；57%的AV和64%的WP病例患者分别接种了疫苗；水痘发病率下降了89.8%，水痘发病率下降了90.4%。所有年龄组的发病率都下降了，尤其是儿童！两个地点的10岁和WP的10-14岁青少年。在AV方面，自2000年以来，10-14岁和15-19岁青少年的发病率有所增加。小学10年级对学校要求的实施可以解释青少年发病率下降的差异。持续监测对于监测儿童两剂疫苗政策对水痘流行病学的影响将是重要的。
Significant reductions in varicella incidence were reported from 1995 to 2000 in the varicella active surveillance sites of Antelope Valley (AV), California, and West Philadelphia (WP), Pennsylvania. We examined incidence rates, median age, and vaccination status of case patients for 1995-2005. Coverage data were from the National Immunization Survey. By 2005, coverage among children 19-35 months of age reached 92% (AV) and 94% (WP); 57% and 64% of case patients in AV and WP, respectively, were vaccinated; and varicella incidence declined by 89.8% in AV and 90.4% in WP. Incidence declined in all age groups, especially among children ! 10 years of age in both sites and among adolescents 10-14 years of age in WP. In AV, since 2000, the incidence among adolescents 10-14 and 15-19 years of age increased. Implementation of school requirements through 10th grade in WP may explain the differences in the decline in incidence among adolescents. Continued surveillance will be important to monitor the impact that the 2-dose vaccine policy in children has on varicella epidemiology.