Perceptual user interfaces: perceptual intelligence
Perceptual user interfaces: perceptual intelligence
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感知用户界面：感知智能
DOI：
10.1145/330534.330536
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发表时间：
2000
影响因子：
22.7
通讯作者：
A. Pentland
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Pentland
从静态的、无生命的物体转变为自适应的、反应式的系统，这些系统可以更友好、有用和有效。当然，这些新系统可能比现有系统更难使用;这取决于我们如何设计人类世界和新一代机器世界之间的界面。要把办公室、房子、汽车或眼镜等无生命的物体变成聪明、活跃的助手，他们需要我所说的“感知智能”。换句话说，感知智能是以与他人相同的方式关注他人和周围的情况，从而使这些新设备能够学习调整它们的行为以适应我们，而不是像我们今天这样适应它们。这种方法的理论基础是，最适当的，适应性的生物行为来自感知装置正确分类的情况，然后触发相当简单的，特定于情况的学习反应。这是一种行为学观点，与认知理论形成强烈对比，认知理论认为适应性行为主要是复杂推理机制的结果。从这个理论的角度来看，当前计算机的问题是它们是令人难以置信的孤立。如果你想象自己生活在一个封闭的、黑暗的、隔音的盒子里，只有一个电报连接到外面的世界，你就能感受到计算机要智能地行动或提供帮助是多么困难。他们存在于一个几乎与我们完全脱节的世界，所以他们怎么知道他们应该做什么才能有所帮助？在认知科学的语言中，感知智能是处理框架问题的能力：它是对P U I Alex Pentland感知智能进行分类的能力。
changing from static, inanimate objects into adaptive, reactive systems that can be more friendly, useful, and efficient. Or, of course, these new systems could be even more difficult to use than current systems; it depends how we design the interface between the world of humans and the world of this new generation of machines. To change inanimate objects like offices, houses, cars, or glasses into smart, active helpmates they need what I call “perceptual intelligence.” Translated, perceptual intelligence is paying attention to people and the surrounding situation in the same way another person would, thus allowing these new devices to learn to adapt their behavior to suit us, rather than adapting to them as we do today. This approach is grounded in the theory that most appropriate, adaptive biological behavior results from perceptual apparatus classifying the situation correctly, which then triggers fairly simple, situation-specific learned responses. It is an ethological view of behavior, and stands in strong contrast to cognitive theories that hold that adaptive behavior is primarily the result of complex reasoning mechanisms. From this theoretical perspective the problem with current computers is they are incredibly isolated. If you imagine yourself living in a closed, dark, soundproof box with only a telegraph connection to the outside world, you can get some sense of how difficult it is for computers to act intelligently or be helpful. They exist in a world almost completely disconnected from ours, so how can they know what they should do in order to be helpful? In the language of cognitive science, perceptual intelligence is the ability to deal with the frame problem: It is the ability to classify the P U I Alex Pentland PERCEPTUAL INTELLIGENCE