Americans Respond Politically to 9/11 Understanding the Impact of the Terrorist Attacks and Their Aftermath
Americans Respond Politically to 9/11 Understanding the Impact of the Terrorist Attacks and Their Aftermath
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DOI：
10.1037/a0024894
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发表时间：
2011-09-01
影响因子：
16.4
通讯作者：
Feldman, Stanley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huddy, Leonie;Feldman, Stanley
9/11恐怖袭击对美国的国内外安全政策产生了深远的影响，导致了几场代价高昂的战争和公民自由的侵蚀(根据《美国爱国者法案》)。我们回顾了有关9·11袭击后政治反应的证据，得出结论：对恐怖主义的主观反应在9·11事件后形成对国家安全政策的支持方面发挥了重要作用。对强有力的国家安全政策的支持在那些认为国家受到恐怖主义威胁并对恐怖分子感到愤怒的美国人中最为明显。相比之下，亲自受到袭击影响的美国人更有可能对恐怖主义感到焦虑，这种焦虑转化为对海外军事行动的支持减少。此外，在9/11袭击后感到不安全并认为未来恐怖主义威胁很大的美国人比其他人更有可能支持强有力的外交和国内国家安全政策。总体而言，对美国对9·11事件的政治反应的研究表明，当民众认为未来恐怖主义的风险很高，并对恐怖分子感到愤怒时，支持政府对恐怖主义做出强有力的反应的可能性最大。
The 9/11 terrorist attacks have had profound effect on U.S. domestic and foreign security policy, leading to several expensive wars and the erosion of civil liberties (under the USA PATRIOT Act). We review evidence on political reactions to the 9/11 attacks and conclude that subjective reactions to terrorism played an important role in shaping support for national security policy in the wake of 9/11. Support for a strong national security policy was most pronounced among Americans who perceived the nation as at threat from terrorism and felt angry at terrorists. In contrast, Americans who were personally affected by the attacks were more likely to feel anxious about terrorism, and this anxiety translated into less support for overseas military action. In addition, Americans who felt insecure after the 9/11 attacks and perceived a high future threat of terrorism were more likely than others to support strong foreign and domestic national security policies. Overall, research on American political reactions to 9/11 suggests that support for a strong government response to terrorism is most likely when members of a population perceive a high risk of future terrorism and feel angry at terrorists.