Ocean Solutions to Address Climate Change and Its Effects on Marine Ecosystems
Ocean Solutions to Address Climate Change and Its Effects on Marine Ecosystems
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DOI：
10.3389/fmars.2018.00337
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发表时间：
2018-10-04
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Rau, Greg H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gattuso, Jean-Pierre;Magnan, Alexandre K.;Rau, Greg H.
《巴黎协定》的目标是到2100年将全球表面变暖控制在与工业化前水平相比1.5-2摄氏度的范围内，这仍将严重影响海洋。虽然需要雄心勃勃的减缓和适应，但海洋为采取行动减少全球气候变化及其对重要生态系统和生态系统服务的影响提供了重大机会。对13项全球和地方尺度的海洋措施进行了全面和系统的评估，以帮助指导技术和行动的开发和实施，以实现可持续的成果。我们发现：(1)所有措施都存在权衡，必须使用多种标准对其潜力进行综合评估；(2)将全球和地方解决方案结合起来才能获得最大效益，其中一些方案可以立即实施或扩大规模；(3)一些措施太不确定，目前还不能推荐；(4)必须通过有效的跨规模治理机制实现政治一致性；(5)科学努力必须关注有效性、协同效益、劣势和劣势。以及测试不佳以及新出现的措施的成本。
The Paris Agreement target of limiting global surface warming to 1.5-2 degrees C compared to pre-industrial levels by 2100 will still heavily impact the ocean. While ambitious mitigation and adaptation are both needed, the ocean provides major opportunities for action to reduce climate change globally and its impacts on vital ecosystems and ecosystem services. A comprehensive and systematic assessment of 13 global- and local-scale, ocean-based measures was performed to help steer the development and implementation of technologies and actions toward a sustainable outcome. We show that (1) all measures have tradeoffs and multiple criteria must be used for a comprehensive assessment of their potential, (2) greatest benefit is derived by combining global and local solutions, some of which could be implemented or scaled-up immediately, (3) some measures are too uncertain to be recommended yet, (4) political consistency must be achieved through effective cross-scale governance mechanisms, (5) scientific effort must focus on effectiveness, co-benefits, disbenefits, and costs of poorly tested as well as new and emerging measures.