Whether We Agree or Not: A Comparative Syntax of English and Japanese
Whether We Agree or Not: A Comparative Syntax of English and Japanese
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无论我们是否同意：英语和日语的比较句法
DOI：
10.1007/978-94-011-2789-9_11
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发表时间：
1988
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Kuroda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Kuroda
英语有明显的wh-移动;日语没有。日语的词序是自由的，英语的词序是有序的。这个主题在日语中很突出;在英语中没有。日语有双重或多重主语结构，英语没有。这些是英语和日语之间的主要类型差异，一些语言学家认为，英语和日语之间存在深层结构的参数差异，这是造成这些差异的原因。有人提出英语是构形的，而日语是非构形的;参见：黑尔（1980），乔姆斯基（1981）等。或者有人认为日语从句是Max（V），而英语从句是Max（I）;例如，乔姆斯基在加州大学圣地亚哥分校的一次演讲中，1985年。我想在这篇论文中提出一个相反的主张，即英语和日语之间没有导致本质上不同的深层结构配置的参数差异。相反，英语和日语之间的参数差异仅由以下内容组成：英语中的协议是强制的，而日语中不是。1
English has visible wh-movement; Japanese doesn’t. Japanese scrambles and word order is free; English doesn’t scramble and has an orderly word order. The topic is prominent in Japanese; it is not in English. Japanese has double or multiple subject structures; English does not. Such are the major typological differences between English and Japanese, and some linguists entertain the idea that parametric differences concerning Deep Structure exist between English and Japanese which are responsible for these differences. It has been proposed that English is configurational while Japanese is nonconfigurational; cf: Hale (1980), Chomsky (1981), among others. Or it has been suggested that Japanese clauses are Max(V), while English ones are Max(I); for example, Chomsky in a lecture at UCSD, 1985. I would like to sketch in this paper a claim to the contrary that there is no parametric difference between English and Japanese that results in essentially different deep structure configurations. Instead, the parametric difference between English and Japanese consists simply of the following: Agreement is forced in English, it is not in Japanese. 1