How early aging and environment interact in everyday listening: from brainstem to behavior through modeling.
How early aging and environment interact in everyday listening: from brainstem to behavior through modeling.
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4614-1590-9_55
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bharadwaj H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shinn-Cunningham B;Ruggles DR;Bharadwaj H
我们最近发现，听力阈值正常的听众在他们的能力不同，直接空间注意力，这种能力是与脑干中的时间编码的保真度。在这里，我们招募了额外的中年听众，并扩展了我们对脑干反应的分析，使用频率跟随反应（FFR）进行测量。我们发现，即使年龄不能预测整体的选择性注意力能力，中年听众比年轻人更容易受到混响能量的不利影响。我们将整体FFR分离为正交包络和载波分量，并使用现有模型来预测哪些听觉通道驱动每个分量。我们发现，在中高频听觉通道的反应占主导地位的包络血流储备分数，而低频通道占主导地位的载波血流储备分数。重要的是，我们发现，血流储备分数的组成部分预测选择性注意力的表现随年龄的变化。我们认为，早期老化降低周边时间编码中高频，干扰编码的包络耳间的时间差。我们认为，与年轻人相比，中年听众，谁没有强大的时间包络编码，有更多的麻烦以下的谈话在混响室，因为他们被迫依赖脆弱的载体ITDs，容易受到混响的降解效果。
We recently showed that listeners with normal hearing thresholds vary in their ability to direct spatial attention and that ability is related to the fidelity of temporal coding in the brainstem. Here, we recruited additional middle-aged listeners and extended our analysis of the brainstem response, measured using the frequency-following response (FFR). We found that even though age does not predict overall selective attention ability, middle-aged listeners are more susceptible to the detrimental effects of reverberant energy than young adults. We separated the overall FFR into orthogonal envelope and carrier components and used an existing model to predict which auditory channels drive each component. We find that responses in mid- to high-frequency auditory channels dominate envelope FFR, while lower-frequency channels dominate the carrier FFR. Importantly, we find that which component of the FFR predicts selective attention performance changes with age. We suggest that early aging degrades peripheral temporal coding in mid-to-high frequencies, interfering with the coding of envelope interaural time differences. We argue that, compared to young adults, middle-aged listeners, who do not have strong temporal envelope coding, have more trouble following a conversation in a reverberant room because they are forced to rely on fragile carrier ITDs that are susceptible to the degrading effects of reverberation.