The Urban Grocery Store Gap
The Urban Grocery Store Gap
复制标题
城市杂货店的差距
DOI：
10.22004/ag.econ.161547
复制
发表时间：
1995
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Andrew W. Franklin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Cotterill;Andrew W. Franklin
在美国许多大城市，城市居民在自家附近没有超市。这个问题在美国几个最大的城市已经有了很好的记录。然而，到目前为止，还没有人试图对许多城市社区没有超市的情况进行全国性的评估。这项研究使用了1990年人口普查中的邮政编码水平的人口统计信息，以及对全国21个最大的大都市统计区之一的所有超市进行的全面普查。关于个别超市的信息，包括平方英尺的销售面积，被归类为单独的邮政编码区域。这使人们能够衡量人均零售服务与人均收入和接受公共援助的家庭百分比等人口变量之间的关系。由于我们有21个大城市地区的邮政编码，包括在这个样本中，我们还可以在每个城市的基础上检查人口统计变量和城市杂货店服务之间的关系。这项调查揭示了美国不同城市杂货店缺口大小的惊人差异。一些城市实际上解决了分配问题，而另一些城市则面临着极其严重的分配问题。鉴于最近联邦一级对食品计划的削减，以及提高联邦食品计划资金分配效率的明确需要，关注超市食品分配系统以高效、即价格合理的方式向低收入城市社区运送食品的能力是非常及时的。
In many of America's largest cities urban residents do not have supermarkets near their homes. This problem has been well documented in a few of the nation's largest cities. To date, however, there has been no attempt to present a national evaluation of the absence of supermarkets in many urban neighborhoods. This study uses zip code level demographic information from the 1990 Population Census and a complete census of all supermarkets in twenty-one of the nation's largest metropolitan statistical areas. Information on individual supermarkets, including square feet of selling space is classified into individual zip code areas. This allows one to measure the relationship between retail services per capita and demographic variables such as income per capita and percent of households receiving public assistance. Since we have zip codes for each of the twenty-one large metropolitan areas, included in this sample, we also can examine relationships between demographic variables and urban grocery store services on a city by city basis. This exercise reveals startling differences in the size of the urban grocery store gap in different U.S. cities. Some cities have actually solved the distribution problem while others face extremely serious distribution problems. Given the recent cuts at the Federal level in food programs and the clear-cut need to improve the efficiency of distribution of federal food program dollars, the focus on the ability of the supermarket food distribution system to deliver food in an efficient, i.e., reasonably priced fashion, to low-income urban neighborhoods is extremely timely.