Heads or tails? Structural events and molecular mechanisms that promote mammalian sperm acrosomal exocytosis and motility.
Heads or tails? Structural events and molecular mechanisms that promote mammalian sperm acrosomal exocytosis and motility.
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DOI：
10.1002/mrd.21393
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发表时间：
2012-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Gerton, George L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Buffone, Mariano G.;Ijiri, Takashi W.;Cao, Wenlei;Merdiushev, Tanya;Aghajanian, Haig K.;Gerton, George L.
精子的结构已经进化得非常紧凑和分区化，以使马达（鞭毛）能够将核货物（头部）运送到卵子。此外，精子不表现出前向运动性，并且不能在释放到睾丸中精子发生的部位--生精小管的管腔中后立即经历顶体胞吐作用。这些细胞需要在附睾和雌性生殖道中成熟，然后才能受精。在这里，我们审查方面的结构和分子机制，促进向前运动，超活化运动，顶体胞吐。因此，我们倾向于其他人提出的模型，即鞭毛感知外部信号，并通过第二信使与头部沟通，以影响精子功能，如顶体胞吐作用。我们希望这一概念框架将有助于激发思考和实验研究有关激活精子从静止状态到完全胜任并致力于受精的配子的各个步骤。划分、能力和承诺这三个主题是理解精子激活的分子机制的关键。理解这些过程将对生育问题的管理，避孕方法的发展，以及可能阐明其他细胞系统中的类似过程产生相当大的影响。
Sperm structure has evolved to be very compact and compartmentalized to enable the motor (the flagellum) to transport the nuclear cargo (the head) to the egg. Furthermore, sperm do not exhibit progressive motility and are not capable of undergoing acrosomal exocytosis immediately following their release into the lumen of the seminiferous tubules, the site of spermatogenesis in the testis. These cells require maturation in the epididymis and female reproductive tract before they become competent for fertilization. Here we review aspects of the structural and molecular mechanisms that promote forward motility, hyperactivated motility, and acrosomal exocytosis. As a result, we favor a model articulated by others that the flagellum senses external signals and communicates with the head by second messengers to affect sperm functions such as acrosomal exocytosis. We hope this conceptual framework will serve to stimulate thinking and experimental investigations concerning the various steps of activating a sperm from a quiescent state to a gamete that is fully competent and committed to fertilization. The three themes of compartmentalization, competence, and commitment are key to an understanding of the molecular mechanisms of sperm activation. Comprehending these processes will have a considerable impact on the management of fertility problems, the development of contraceptive methods, and, potentially, elucidation of analogous processes in other cell systems.
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DOI：
10.1530/rep-09-0134
发表时间：
2009-09
期刊：
Reproduction (Cambridge, England)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Costello S;Michelangeli F;Nash K;Lefievre L;Morris J;Machado-Oliveira G;Barratt C;Kirkman-Brown J;Publicover S
通讯作者：
Publicover S
Cl- 是豚鼠精子获能所需的 HCO3- 进入所必需的：Cl-/HCO3- 交换器 (SLC26A3) 和 CFTR 的参与
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Chen, Wen Ying;Xu, Wen Ming;Shi, Qi Xian
通讯作者：
Shi, Qi Xian
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Acevedo, JJ;Mendoza-Lujambio, I;Darszon, A
通讯作者：
Darszon, A
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
CORNWALL, GA;VINDIVICH, D;CHANG, TSK
通讯作者：
CHANG, TSK
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Baxendale, RW;Fraser, LR
通讯作者：
Fraser, LR