Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of neurovascular dysfunction in mild dementia and Alzheimer's disease.
Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of neurovascular dysfunction in mild dementia and Alzheimer's disease.
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DOI：
10.1038/jcbfm.2015.76
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发表时间：
2015-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zlokovic BV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sweeney MD;Sagare AP;Zlokovic BV
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是最常见的老年痴呆症。除了遗传、环境和生活方式外，越来越多的证据支持血管对痴呆症的影响，包括阿尔茨海默氏症引起的痴呆症。阿尔茨海默病影响神经血管单元（NVU）内的多种细胞类型，包括脑血管细胞（内皮细胞、周细胞和血管平滑肌细胞）、胶质细胞（星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞）和神经元。因此，识别和整合NVU细胞特异性反应和损伤的生物标志物与已建立的AD生物标志物，淀粉样蛋白-β (a β)和tau，有可能有助于更好地了解包括AD在内的痴呆症的疾病过程。在这里，我们讨论了在痴呆和AD早期阶段NVU细胞特异性反应的脑脊液生物标志物的现有文献。我们建议，通过开发一种将NVU细胞特异性反应和损伤的生物标志物结合起来的算法，可以进一步提高已建立的AD生物标志物Aβ和tau的临床实用性。这种生物标志物算法可以帮助早期发现和干预，以及确定新的治疗靶点，以延迟疾病的发作，减缓进展，和/或预防AD。
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of age-related dementias. In addition to genetics, environment, and lifestyle, growing evidence supports vascular contributions to dementias including dementia because of AD. Alzheimer's disease affects multiple cell types within the neurovascular unit (NVU), including brain vascular cells (endothelial cells, pericytes, and vascular smooth muscle cells), glial cells (astrocytes and microglia), and neurons. Thus, identifying and integrating biomarkers of the NVU cell-specific responses and injury with established AD biomarkers, amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau, has a potential to contribute to better understanding of the disease process in dementias including AD. Here, we discuss the existing literature on cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of the NVU cell-specific responses during early stages of dementia and AD. We suggest that the clinical usefulness of established AD biomarkers, Aβ and tau, could be further improved by developing an algorithm that will incorporate biomarkers of the NVU cell-specific responses and injury. Such biomarker algorithm could aid in early detection and intervention as well as identify novel treatment targets to delay disease onset, slow progression, and/or prevent AD.