1 Mosquito net coverage in years between mass distributions: a case study of Tanzania, 2013
1 Mosquito net coverage in years between mass distributions: a case study of Tanzania, 2013
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DOI：
10.1186/s12936-018-2247-z
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发表时间：
2018-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Lorenz, Lena M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mboma, Zawadi M.;Overgaard, Hans J.;Lorenz, Lena M.
背景：坦桑尼亚政府是为其民众提供长效杀虫蚊帐 (LLIN) 的主要来源。蚊帐（经过处理和未经处理的）也可在商业市场上购买。为了维持抗击疟疾的投资和健康收益，国家疟疾控制计划必须监测 LLIN 覆盖率，特别是在大规模分发之间的年份，并了解如果家庭的免费蚊帐被认为无法使用，他们会做什么。本文的目的是评估坦桑尼亚 2013 年（即 2011 年上次大规模运动两年后）的标准 LLIN 指标的财富状况，并将分析扩展到未经处理的蚊帐 (UTN)，以调查当蚊帐不连续分布时家庭如何适应。 方法：2013 年 10 月至 12 月期间，对坦桑尼亚 8 个地区的 3398 户家庭进行了一项家庭调查。利用遏制疟疾指标，该研究分析了：（1）家庭净拥有量； (2) 接入网； (3) 人口净使用和 (4) 净使用：接入比率。计算了 LLIN 和 UTN 的结果。结果按社会经济五分位数和地区进行分析。结果：8 个区中只有 3 个区的家庭 LLIN 所有权超过 80%。 2013 年，不到四分之一的家庭每两人拥有一份 LLIN，只有一半的人口可以获得 LLIN。只有较富裕的五分之一人口通过添加 UTN 将其净所有权和使用权提高到 80% 以上。人口总体净使用率较低（LLIN：32.8%；UTN：9.5%），净使用：接入比率低于目标水平（LLIN：0.66；UTN：0.50）。这两项措施因地区而异。结论：上次大规模运动两年后，获得 LLIN 的家庭或人口比例很低。这些调查结果表明，坦桑尼亚家庭丢失蚊帐的平均比率高于获得新蚊帐的比率。最富有的家庭用 UTN 来补充他们的家庭净所有权。应推动通过商业市场提供 LLIN 的努力，以便那些有能力购买网络的人购买 LLIN 而不是 UTN。网络使用率较低，约为 40%，主要原因是无法上网。然而，姆博齐和卡哈马地区的使用：接入比率很低，需要进一步调查以了解网络使用的其他障碍。
Background: The Government of Tanzania is the main source of long-lasting insecticidal nets ( LLINs) for its population. Mosquito nets ( treated and untreated) are also available in the commercial market. To sustain investments and health gains in the fight against malaria, it is important for the National Malaria Control Programme to monitor LLIN coverage especially in the years between mass distributions and to understand what households do if their free nets are deemed unusable. The aim of this paper was to assess standard LLIN indicators by wealth status in Tanzania in 2013, 2 years after the last mass campaign in 2011, and extend the analysis to untreated nets ( UTNs) to investigate how households adapt when nets are not continuously distributed.Methods: Between October-December 2013, a household survey was conducted in 3398 households in eight districts in Tanzania. Using the Roll Back Malaria indicators, the study analysed: ( 1) household net ownership; ( 2) access to nets; ( 3) population net use and ( 4) net use: access ratio. Outcomes were calculated for LLINs and UTNs.Results were analysed by socio-economic quintiles and by district. Results: Only three of the eight districts had household LLIN ownership of more than 80%. In 2013, less than a quarter of the households had one LLIN for every two people and only half of the population had access to an LLIN. Only the wealthier quintiles increased their net ownership and access to levels above 80% through the addition of UTNs. Overall net use of the population was low ( LLINs: 32.8%; UTNs: 9.5%) and net use: access ratio was below target level ( LLINs: 0.66; UTN: 0.50). Both measures varied significantly by district.Conclusions: Two years after the last mass campaign, the percentage of households or population with access to LLINs was low. These findings indicate the average rate at which households in Tanzania lose their nets is higher than the rate at which they acquire new nets. The wealthiest households topped up their household net ownership with UTNs. Efforts to make LLINs available through commercial markets should be promoted, so those who can afford to buy nets purchase LLINs rather than UTNs. Net use was low around 40% and mostly explained by lack of access to nets. However, the use: access ratio was poor in Mbozi and Kahama districts warranting further investigations to understand other barriers to net use.