Aging of black carbon in outflow from anthropogenic sources using a mixing state resolved model: 2. Aerosol optical properties and cloud condensation nuclei activities
Aging of black carbon in outflow from anthropogenic sources using a mixing state resolved model: 2. Aerosol optical properties and cloud condensation nuclei activities
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DOI：
10.1029/2008jd011681
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发表时间：
2009-09
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
N. Oshima;M. Koike;Yang Zhang;Y. Kondo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Oshima;M. Koike;Yang Zhang;Y. Kondo
收稿日期：2008年12月28日;修订日期：2009年5月12日;接受日期：2009年6月24日;发表日期：2009年9月19日。[1]气溶胶动力学、反应、电离和溶解模型（以下称为MADRID-BC）最近被开发以精确地模拟整个BC混合状态的时间演化。在这项研究中，我们应用马德里BC评估的影响，在BC混合状态的变化对气溶胶光学特性和云凝结核（CCN）活动的空气包裹水平输送出日本城市地区内的行星边界层（PBL）在海洋上。评估表明，BC颗粒上的涂层在离开源区域的空气中将550 nm波长处的光吸收提高了38%，在海洋上运输半天后提高了59%。当该模型处理气溶胶使用传统的尺寸分辨截面表示，不解决BC混合状态，模拟的吸收系数和单次散射的散射系数分别大于35-44%和7- 13%，比那些从模拟解决BC混合状态。这些结果表明，它是必要的，以考虑在大气模式的准确预测气溶胶光学特性的无BC颗粒，因为传统的表示不能单独处理每个尺寸段中的含BC和无BC的颗粒。评价还表明，含BC的颗粒具有55%和83%的BC质量可以作为CCN在过饱和度为0.05%时，当它们离开源区和运输半天后，分别。这些结果表明，从边界层附近的源区域的BC粒子的有效的远程传输在自由对流层的抬升的重要性。在各种活动，如亚洲气溶胶表征实验（ACE亚洲）和印度洋实验（INDOEX）进行气溶胶光学测量的比较结果表明，马德里-BC模拟可以捕获的气溶胶光学特性的一般特征流出的人为来源。
Received 28 December 2008; revised 12 May 2009; accepted 24 June 2009; published 19 September 2009. [1] The Model of Aerosol Dynamics, Reaction, Ionization, and Dissolution with resolution of a mixing state of black carbon (BC) (referred to as MADRID-BC hereinafter) has recently been developed to accurately simulate the time evolution of the entire BC mixing state. In this study, we apply MADRID-BC to evaluate the influence of changes in BC mixing state on aerosol optical properties and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activities in air parcels horizontally transported out from an urban area in Japan within the planetary boundary layer (PBL) over the ocean. The evaluation shows that the coatings on BC particles enhance light absorption at a wavelength of 550 nm by 38% in air leaving the source region and by 59% after transport over the ocean for half a day. When the model treats aerosols using the conventional size-resolved sectional representation that does not resolve BC mixing states, the simulated absorption coefficients and single scattering albedos are greater by 35–44% and smaller by 7–13%, respectively, than those from a simulation that resolves the BC mixing state. These results indicate that it is essential to take into account BC-free particles in atmospheric models for accurate prediction of aerosol optical properties, because the conventional representation cannot separately treat BC-containing and BC-free particles in each size section. The evaluation also shows that BC-containing particles having 55% and 83% of the BC mass can act as CCN at a supersaturation of 0.05% when they leave the source region and after transport for half a day, respectively. These results suggest the importance of the uplifting of BC particles from the PBL near source regions for their efficient long-range transport in the free troposphere. Results from comparisons with aerosol optical measurements conducted during various campaigns, such as the Asian Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE Asia) and the Indian Ocean Experiment (INDOEX), suggest that MADRID-BC simulations can capture general features of aerosol optical properties in outflow from anthropogenic sources.