A FAMILY PROCESS MODEL OF ECONOMIC HARDSHIP AND ADJUSTMENT OF EARLY ADOLESCENT BOYS
A FAMILY PROCESS MODEL OF ECONOMIC HARDSHIP AND ADJUSTMENT OF EARLY ADOLESCENT BOYS
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-8624.1992.tb01644.x
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发表时间：
1992-06-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
WHITBECK, LB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CONGER, RD;CONGER, KJ;WHITBECK, LB
我们提出了一个家庭过程模型，在家庭生活中的经济压力，亲社会和有问题的青少年调整。雇用的205个七年级的男孩，年龄在12至14岁（M = 12.7），生活在完整的家庭在农村中西部，在模型中的理论结构进行了测量，使用训练有素的观察员和家庭成员的报告。总体而言，结果与所提出的模型一致。客观的经济条件，如人均收入和不稳定的工作，与父母的情绪状态和行为，通过他们的看法增加的经济压力，如无法支付每月的账单。这些压力与父母双方的抑郁和士气低落有关，这与婚姻冲突和熟练育儿的中断有关。中断的父母调解压力过程中的早期步骤和青少年适应之间的关系。母亲和父亲的情绪和行为几乎同样受到经济困难的影响，父母的育儿行为中断对青少年的发展产生了不利的后果。
We propose a family process model that links economic stress in family life to prosocial and problematic adolescent adjustment. Employing a sample of 205 seventh-grade boys aged 12 to 14 years (M = 12.7) and living in intact families in the rural Midwest, the theoretical constructs in the model were measured using both trained observer and family member reports. In general, results were consistent with the proposed model. Objective economic conditions such as per capita income and unstable work were related to parents' emotional status and behaviors through their perceptions of increased economic pressures such as the inability to pay monthly bills. These pressures were associated with depression and demoralization for both parents, which was related to marital conflict and disruptions in skillful parenting. Disrupted parenting mediated the relations between the earlier steps in the stress process and adolescent adjustment. The emotions and behaviors of both mothers and fathers were almost equally affected by financial difficulties, and disruptions in each parent's child-rearing behaviors had adverse consequences for adolescent development.