Influence of Feeding Type on Gut Microbiome Development in Hospitalized Preterm Infants.
Influence of Feeding Type on Gut Microbiome Development in Hospitalized Preterm Infants.
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DOI：
10.1097/nnr.0000000000000208
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Graf J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cong X;Judge M;Xu W;Diallo A;Janton S;Brownell EA;Maas K;Graf J
早产儿肠道微生物组生态失调的风险很高。母亲自己的母乳（母乳）已被发现有利于改变足月出生婴儿的肠道微生物组组成。喂养方式对早产儿肠道微生物定植影响的证据有限。本研究旨在探讨新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）中不同喂养方式对早产儿肠道微生物定植的影响。33名稳定的早产儿在出生时被招募，并在出生后的前30天进行随访。在出生后0-10天、11-20天和21-30天，使用每日喂养信息将婴儿分为六组（母亲自己的乳汁[母乳]、人类捐赠的乳汁[HDM]、配方奶、母乳+HDM、母乳+配方奶和HDM+配方奶）。每天收集粪便样本。从粪便中提取的DNA用于测序16 S rRNA基因。进行探索性数据分析，重点关注不同喂养队列婴儿中微生物模式和腹泻的时间变化。采用线性混合模型预测肠道微生物多样性。与其他喂养组的婴儿相比，喂养母乳（至少占总饮食的70%）的早产儿具有最高丰度的梭菌目、乳杆菌目和芽孢杆菌目，而与喂养母乳的婴儿相比，主要喂养人类供体乳汁或配方奶粉的婴儿具有较高丰度的肠杆菌目。在控制性别、出生后年龄、体重和出生胎龄后，肠道微生物组的多样性随着时间的推移而增加，并且相对于其他喂养类型的婴儿，母乳喂养的婴儿的肠道微生物组的多样性一直较高（p < .01）。母亲自己的母乳有益于早产儿的肠道微生物组发育，包括平衡的微生物群落模式和早期生命中微生物多样性的增加。
Premature infants have a high risk for dysbiosis of the gut microbiome. Mother’s own breastmilk (MOM) has been found to favorably alter gut microbiome composition in infants born at term. Evidence about the influence of feeding type on gut microbial colonization of preterm infants is limited. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of feeding types on gut microbial colonization of preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Thirty-three stable preterm infants were recruited at birth and followed-up for the first 30 days of life. Daily feeding information was used to classify infants into six groups (mother’s own milk [MOM], human donated milk [HDM], formula, MOM+HDM, MOM+Formula, and HDM+forumla) during postnatal days 0–10, 11–20, and 21–30 after birth. Stool samples were collected daily. DNA extracted from stool was used to sequence the 16S rRNA gene. Exploratory data analysis was conducted with a focus on temporal changes of microbial patterns and diversities among infants from different feeding cohorts. Prediction of gut microbial diversity from feeding type was estimated using linear mixed models. Preterm infants fed MOM (at least 70% of the total diet) had highest abundance of Clostridiales, Lactobacillales, and Bacillales compared to infants in other feeding groups, whereas infants fed primarily human donor milk or formula had a high abundance of Enterobacteriales compared to infants fed MOM. After controlling for gender, postnatal age, weight and birth gestational age, the diversity of gut microbiome increased over time and was constantly higher in infants fed MOM relative to infants with other feeding types (p < .01). Mother’s own breast milk benefits gut microbiome development of preterm infants, including balanced microbial community pattern and increased microbial diversity in early life.