Five-Day Changes in Biomarkers of Exposure Among Adult Smokers After Completely Switching From Combustible Cigarettes to a Nicotine-Salt Pod System
Five-Day Changes in Biomarkers of Exposure Among Adult Smokers After Completely Switching From Combustible Cigarettes to a Nicotine-Salt Pod System
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DOI：
10.1093/ntr/ntz206
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发表时间：
2020-08-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Graff, Donald W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jay, Joanna;Pfaunmiller, Erika L.;Graff, Donald W.
前言：这项研究检测了成年可燃香烟吸烟者在使用尼古丁-盐荚系统(NSPS)5天后暴露生物标志物(BOE)的变化，并与继续普通吸烟和戒烟进行比较。目的和方法：对未使用NSPS的健康成年吸烟者进行随机、开放、平行队列的限制研究。参与者(N=90)被随机分为6组(n=15)：单独使用NSPS(四种口味：弗吉尼亚烟草、薄荷、芒果、奶油)、继续吸烟或戒烟。结果：在混合NSPS队列中，8种非尼古丁BOE的尿量减少了85.0%；在香烟队列中增加了14.4%(P<；混合NSPS与香烟相比P<；.001)；在戒除队列中减少了85.3%(P&gT；05；混合NSPS与戒烟之间的相对减少99.6%)。在单个BOE中也观察到了类似的变化(在混合NSP与香烟之间，每个BOE的P<；.001；以及在联合NSP与禁欲之间，禁欲与联合NSPS；p>；.05)。血液中的COHb在合并的NSPS队列中下降了71.8%，在禁欲队列中下降了69.1%(p>；.05)，在吸烟队列中增加了13.3%(p<；.001)。平均尿总尼古丁当量在NSPS和香烟队列中分别增加了9%和26%，并且没有显著差异(p>；0.05)。结论：完全从香烟转向NSPS可以显著减少与吸烟相关的关键非尼古丁Boes。影响：这项研究的结果与证据一致，即完全从可燃香烟转向烟草和非烟草口味的蒸气产品可能会减少与烟草相关疾病相关的关键致癌物质和其他毒物的暴露。需要未来的研究来评估使用NSPS对健康的长期影响。这些结果不应被解释为意味着使用NSPS没有任何风险，特别是对于不使用烟草产品的人。
Introduction: This study examined changes in biomarkers of exposure (BoE) after 5 days of nicotine-salt pod system (NSPS) use, compared with continuation of usual-cigarette smoking and cigarette abstinence, among adult combustible cigarette smokers.Aims and Methods: A randomized, open-label, parallel-cohort, confinement study of healthy adult smokers, naive to NSPS use, was conducted. Participants (N = 90) were randomized to six cohorts (n = 15 each): exclusive ad libitum use of NSPS (four flavors: Virginia Tobacco, Mint, Mango, Creme), continuation of usual-brand cigarette smoking, or cigarette abstinence. Total nicotine equivalents and BoE (NNN, NNAL, 3-HPMA, MHBMA, S-PMA, HMPMA, CEMA, 1-OHP, and COHb) were measured.Results: Eight non-nicotine BoEs, measured in urine, were reduced by an aggregate of 85.0% in the pooled NSPS cohort; increased by 14.4% in the cigarette cohort (p < .001 for pooled NSPS vs. cigarette); and reduced by 85.3% in the abstinence cohort (p >.05; 99.6% relative reduction between pooled NSPS vs. abstinence). Similar changes in individual BoEs were also observed (p < .001 for each BoE between pooled NSPS vs. cigarettes; and abstinence vs. pooled NSPS; p >.05 for each BoE between pooled NSPS vs. abstinence). Blood COHb decreased by 71.8% in the pooled NSPS cohort and 69.1% in the abstinence cohort (p >.05) and increased by 13.3% in the cigarette cohort (p < .001). Mean total urine nicotine equivalents increased in the pooled NSPS and cigarette cohorts by 9% and 26%, respectively, and did not significantly differ (p >.05).Conclusion: Complete switching from cigarettes to NSPS produced significant reductions in key non-nicotine BoEs associated with cigarette smoking. Implications: The results of this study concorded with evidence that complete switching from combustible cigarettes to tobacco and nontobacco-flavored vapor products may reduce exposure to key carcinogens and other toxicants known to be associated with tobacco-related diseases. Future research is needed to assess the long-term health effects of NSPS use. These results should not be interpreted to mean that the use of NSPS is without any risk, particularly for nonusers of tobacco products.