Hybrid small-diameter vascular grafts: Anti-expansion effect of electrospun poly ε-caprolactone on heparin-coated decellularized matrices
Hybrid small-diameter vascular grafts: Anti-expansion effect of electrospun poly ε-caprolactone on heparin-coated decellularized matrices
复制标题
混合小直径血管移植物：电纺聚ε-己内酯对肝素涂层脱细胞基质的抗扩张作用。
DOI：
10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.10.066
复制
发表时间：
2016-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
14
通讯作者：
Zhao, Qiang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gong, Wenhui;Lei, Dong;Zhao, Qiang
心血管疾病（包括冠状动脉和外周血管病变）的临床环境越来越需要小直径血管移植物 (SDVG)（D < 6 mm）。由合成聚合物制成的血管存在血栓、内膜增生、钙化、慢性炎症和无生长潜力等缺点。脱细胞异种移植物通常用作血管重建手术的组织工程替代品。尽管脱细胞异体血管移植物具有良好的组织相容性和抗血栓特性，但脱细胞过程可能会损害生物力学，加速弹性蛋白变形和降解，最终导致血管移植物扩张，甚至动脉瘤形成。为了解决这些问题，我们将合成聚合物与天然脱细胞小直径血管结合起来，制造混合组织工程血管移植物（HTEV）。供体主动脉血管使用不同去污剂的组合进行脱细胞，并在真空冷冻干燥过程中脱水。聚己内酯（PCL）纳米纤维在脱细胞主动脉血管移植物外部进行静电纺丝（ES）以强化脱细胞基质。混合小直径血管移植物的内膜表面在同种异体移植前涂有肝素。组织病理学和扫描电镜显示脱细胞血管中膜严重损伤。支架的力学测试表明，ES-PCL 显着增强了脱细胞血管的生物力学性能。血管超声和显微 CT 血管造影显示，所有移植物在植入大鼠模型后均能令人满意地保持长达 6 周的通畅状态。 ES-PCL成功阻止了移植后血管舒张和动脉瘤形成的发生，并减少了细胞炎症浸润。总之，具有完美组织相容性和生物力学的HTEV为SDVG的开发提供了一种简便且有用的技术。 (c) 2015 年，爱思唯尔有限公司出版。
Small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVGs) (D < 6 mm) are increasingly needed in clinical settings for cardiovascular disease, including coronary artery and peripheral vascular pathologies. Vessels made from synthetic polymers have shortcomings such as thrombosis, intimal hyperplasia, calcification, chronic inflammation and no growth potential. Decellularized xenografts are commonly used as a tissue-engineering substitute for vascular reconstructive procedures. Although acellular allogeneic vascular grafts have good histocompatibility and antithrombotic properties, the decellularization process may damage the biomechanics and accelerate the elastin deformation and degradation, finally resulting in vascular graft expansion and even aneurysm formation. Here, to address these problems, we combine synthetic polymers with natural decellularized small-diameter vessels to fabricate hybrid tissue-engineered vascular grafts (HTEV). The donor aortic vessels were decellularized with a combination of different detergents and dehydrated under a vacuum freeze-drying process. Polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers were electrospun (ES) outside the acellular aortic vascular grafts to strengthen the decellularized matrix. The intimal surfaces of the hybrid small-diameter vascular grafts were coated with heparin before the allograft transplantation. Histopathology and scanning electron microscope revealed that the media of the decellularized vessels were severely injured. Mechanical testing of scaffolds showed that ES-PCL significantly enhanced the biomechanics of decellularized vessels. Vascular ultrasound and micro-CT angiography showed that all grafts after implantation in a rat model were satisfactorily patent for up to 6 weeks. ES-PCL successfully prevented the occurrence of vasodilation and aneurysm formation after transplantation and reduced the cell inflammatory infiltration. In conclusion, the HTEV with perfect histocompatibility and biomechanics provide a facile and useful technique for the development of SDVGs. (c) 2015 Published by Elsevier Ltd.