Zinc-dependent and independent actions of hydroxyhydroquinone on rat thymic lymphocytes
Zinc-dependent and independent actions of hydroxyhydroquinone on rat thymic lymphocytes
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DOI：
10.1080/01480545.2018.1429462
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发表时间：
2019-09
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Honoka Wada;Keisuke Oyama;R. Kamae;T. Masuda;K. Kanemaru;K. Yokoigawa;Y. Oyama
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Honoka Wada;Keisuke Oyama;R. Kamae;T. Masuda;K. Kanemaru;K. Yokoigawa;Y. Oyama
摘要咖啡中含有羟基对苯二酚（HHQ）。HHQ是烘焙过程中释放的副产品之一。因此，阐明HHQ的生物活性以预测其对人类的有益或不利影响是重要的。我们研究了锌依赖性和独立的行动，商业采购的合成HHQ在大鼠胸腺细胞使用流式细胞术技术与碘化丙啶，FluoZin-3-AM，5-氯甲基荧光素二乙酸酯，和膜联蛋白V-FITC。1050 µM的HHQ通过释放细胞内Zn 2+升高细胞内Zn 2+水平。10 µM的HHQ以锌依赖性方式增加细胞巯基含量。然而，30-50 µM的HHQ降低了细胞硫醇含量。虽然HHQ（30-50 µM）的后一种作用被认为会增加细胞对氧化应激的脆弱性，但0.3-100 µM的HHQ可显著保护细胞免受H2 O2诱导的氧化应激。H2 O2诱导的细胞死亡的过程被HHQ延迟，尽管H2 O2和HHQ都增加了膜联蛋白V阳性活细胞的数量。然而，10-30 µM的HHQ促进由钙离子载体A23187诱导的细胞死亡。10-30 µM的HHQ对氧化应激和Ca 2+过载引起的细胞死亡具有相反的作用。由于HHQ被认为具有不同的细胞作用，因此具有减少量的HHQ的咖啡可能是优选的，以避免潜在的不利影响。
Abstract Coffee contains hydroxyhydroquinone (HHQ). HHQ is one of the by-products released during bean roasting. Therefore, it is important to elucidate the bioactivity of HHQ to predict its beneficial or adverse effects on humans. We studied zinc-dependent and independent actions of commercially procured synthetic HHQ in rat thymocytes using flow cytometric techniques with propidium iodide, FluoZin-3-AM, 5-chloromethylfluorescein diacetate, and annexin V-FITC. HHQ at 1050 µM elevated intracellular Zn2+ levels by releasing intracellular Zn2+. HHQ at 10 µM increased cellular thiol content in a zinc-dependent manner. However, HHQ at 30–50 µM reduced cellular thiol content. Although the latter actions of HHQ (30–50 µM) were suggested to increase cell vulnerability to oxidative stress, HHQ at 0.3–100 µM significantly protected cells against oxidative stress induced by H2O2. The process of cell death induced by H2O2 was delayed by HHQ, although both H2O2 and HHQ increased the population of annexin V-positive living cells. However, HHQ at 10–30 µM promoted cell death induced by A23187, a calcium ionophore. HHQ at 10–30 µM exerted contrasting effects on cell death caused by oxidative stress and Ca2+ overload. Because HHQ is considered to possess diverse cellular actions, coffee with reduced amount of HHQ may be preferable to avoid potential adverse effects.