COMPUTATIONAL ANALYSIS OF THE ROLE OF THE HIPPOCAMPUS IN MEMORY
COMPUTATIONAL ANALYSIS OF THE ROLE OF THE HIPPOCAMPUS IN MEMORY
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/hipo.450040319
复制
发表时间：
1994-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
ROLLS, ET
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
TREVES, A;ROLLS, ET
作者汇集了一系列详细的计算研究的结果，并展示了它们如何有助于海马功能理论的发展。这里介绍的理论的一个新部分是定量分析从海马体到新皮层的反向投射如何导致最近记忆的回忆。然后将该理论与海马功能的其他理论进行比较。首先，考虑海马体计算的内容。基于海马损伤的影响和海马中记录的神经元活动，作者提出的假设是，海马参与了新记忆的形成，充当了有关事件信息的中期缓冲存储，特别是空间信息，但也可能是一些非空间信息。作者分析了海马体如何执行这一功能，通过产生一个计算理论，它是如何运作的，基于神经解剖学和神经生理学信息的不同神经元系统包含在海马体。关键的假设是，CA 3锥体细胞作为一个单一的自动关联网络来存储新的情节信息，因为它通过一些专门的预处理阶段从大脑皮层的许多协会领域到达，齿状颗粒细胞/苔藓纤维系统是重要的，特别是在学习过程中，以帮助产生一个新的模式，在CA 3细胞的每一个情节的发射。计算分析显示了海马体中可以存储多少记忆，以及CA 3自动联想系统在回忆过程中的运作速度。分析，然后扩展到显示如何CA 3系统可以用来回忆整个情景记忆时，只有一个片段。它示出了如何使用修改后的突触在从海马回到大脑新皮层的反向投射通路中操作，导致在大脑新皮层的关联区域中的神经元活动的恢复类似于在原始事件期间存在的。大脑新皮层中回忆起的信息可以被新皮层用于形成长期记忆。(C)1994 Wiley-Liss，Inc.
The authors draw together the results of a series of detailed computational studies and show how they are contributing to the development of a theory of hippocampal function. A new part of the theory introduced here is a quantitative analysis of how backprojections from the hippocampus to the neocortex could lead to the recall of recent memories. The theory is then compared with other theories of hippocampal function. First, what is computed by the hippocampus is considered. The hypothesis the authors advocate, on the basis of the effects of damage to the hippocampus and neuronal activity recorded in it, is that it is involved in the formation of new memories by acting as an intermediate-term buffer store for information about episodes, particularly for spatial, but probably also for some nonspatial, information. The authors analyze how the hippocampus could perform this function, by producing a computational theory of how it operates, based on neuroanatomical and neurophysiological information about the different neuronal systems contained within the hippocampus. Key hypotheses are that the CA3 pyramidal cells operate as a single autoassociation network to store new episodic information as it arrives via a number of specialized preprocessing stages from many association areas of the cerebral cortex, and that the dentate granule cell/mossy fiber system is important, particularly during learning, to help to produce a new pattern of firing in the CA3 cells for each episode. The computational analysis shows how many memories could be stored in the hippocampus and how quickly the CA3 autoassociation system would operate during recall. The analysis is then extended to show how the CA3 system could be used to recall a whole episodic memory when only a fragment of it is presented. It is shown how this recall could operate using modified synapses in backprojection pathways from the hippocampus to the cerebral neocortex, resulting in reinstatement of neuronal activity in association areas of the cerebral neocortex similar to that present during the original episode. The recalled information in the cerebral neocortex could then be used by the neocortex in the formation of long-term memories. (C) 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.