Evaluation of single and combined effects of cadmium and micro-plastic particles on biochemical and immunological parameters of common carp (Cyprinus carpio)
Evaluation of single and combined effects of cadmium and micro-plastic particles on biochemical and immunological parameters of common carp (Cyprinus carpio)
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DOI：
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.07.066
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发表时间：
2019-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Derikvandy, Azam
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Banaee, Mandi;Soltanian, Siyavash;Derikvandy, Azam
微塑料（MP）在水生环境中的积累日益增加，这是一个全球性的问题。MP能够与其他环境污染物（包括重金属）相互作用，从而改变其毒性。研究了氯化镉（Cd）单独及与多聚磷酸酶（MP）联合作用对鲤鱼（Cyprinus carpio）的亚致死效应。暴露30天后，检测多种生物标志物，包括血浆生化参数和内在免疫因子。镉或纳米颗粒暴露降低血浆乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）和γ-谷氨酰转移酶（GGT）活性，升高天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）、丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）和碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性。暴露于这两种化合物增强了观察到的效应，但最高浓度下的AST活性和ALP除外，而ALT则表现出拮抗作用。血浆总蛋白，白蛋白和球蛋白水平下降，葡萄糖，甘油三酯和胆固醇水平主要增加镉组没有额外的影响来自共同暴露于两种压力。溶菌酶和替代补体（ACH 50）的活动和水平的总免疫球蛋白，补体C3和C4在鱼暴露于镉和MPs低于对照组，这种下降是更显着的混合物。这些研究结果表明，暴露于镉或MP单独是有毒的鱼改变生化和免疫参数。此外，当Cd和MPS组合时，这些改变甚至更大，表明在增加Cd毒性方面的协同效应，反之亦然。(C)2019爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
The growing accumulation of microplastics (MPs) in aquatic environments is a global concern. MPs are capable to interact with other environmental contaminants, including heavy metals, altering their toxicity. The aim of the study was to investigate the sub-lethal effects of cadmium chloride (Cd) alone and in combination with MPs on common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Multi-biomarkers, including plasma biochemical parameters and intrinsic immunological factors, were measured after 30 days of exposure. Exposure to Cd or NPs reduced the plasma activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and gamma-glutamyl-transferase (GGT) and increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Exposure to both compounds enhanced the observed effects except for AST activity and ALP at the highest concentrations, whereas evidenced an antagonistic interaction in ALT. Plasma total protein, albumin, and globulin levels were decreased, and the levels of glucose, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels increased mainly in the Cd groups with no additional effects derived from the co-exposure to both stressors. Lysozyme and alternative complement (ACH50) activities and the levels of total immunoglobulins, and complement C3 and C4 in fish exposed to Cd and MPs were lower than those in the control group and this decrease was more significant by the mixture of both compounds. These findings showed that the exposure to Cd or MPs alone is toxic to fish altering the biochemical and immunological parameters. Moreover, these alterations are even greater when the Cd and the MPS are combined suggesting synergistic effects in increasing Cd toxicity and vice versa. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.