Effect of liquid culture media on morphology, growth, propagule production, and pathogenic activity of the Hyphomycete, Metarhizium flavoviride
Effect of liquid culture media on morphology, growth, propagule production, and pathogenic activity of the Hyphomycete, Metarhizium flavoviride
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1016068102003
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发表时间：
2002-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Quimby, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fargues, J;Smits, N;Quimby, P
绿僵菌属（Metarhizium spp.）Mf 189 = M. flavoviride（或M.小孢acridum）菌株IMI 330189和Mf 324 = M.黄绿菌素菌株ARSEF 324）。这两个菌株生长在七个不同的液体培养基，已开发的各种丝孢菌，被认为是有害昆虫的微生物控制的候选人的大规模生产。摇瓶实验在28 ℃下在黑暗中进行。生产进行了量化72小时，并进行了评价繁殖体浓度，形态和致病性的测试媒体的影响。基于初步实验，所有测试的培养基都补充有0.4%吐温80，以避免形成沉淀并产生单细胞繁殖体。在所有7种培养基中，Mf 189的浸没繁殖体产量均高于Mf 324。虽然在四种培养基（Adamek、Catroux、杰克逊和Jenkins-Prior培养基）中产生了高浓度的繁殖体（MF 189为1.4至2.4 x 10（8）繁殖体ml（-1），Mf 324为1.4至8.3 x 10（7）繁殖体ml（-1）），但在其他三种培养基（Goral、Kondryatiev和巴黎培养基）中繁殖体的产量较低。这两个菌株产生椭圆形的芽生孢子样繁殖体，除了在Kondryatiev培养基中，他们提供卵圆形的繁殖体。在这种情况下，Mf 189淹没繁殖体看起来像气生分生孢子，但扫描观察没有显示出典型的分生孢子通过瓶梗。在Kondryatiev培养基中，Mf 324的沉水繁殖体显著小于气生分生孢子。测定了沉水繁殖体对Schistocerca gregaria的感染潜力。二龄幼虫在新鲜小麦上取食48小时，新鲜小麦预先被每种接种物的喷雾悬浮液污染，每种接种物的喷雾悬浮液滴定为10（7）个繁殖体ml（-1）。所有7种培养基都产生了对S.叶蜂幼虫摇瓶培养试验使我们能够选择三种低成本培养基，Adamek，Jenkins-Prior和Catroux，用于提高液体发酵的规模，重点是用于蝗虫控制的真菌杀虫剂的绿僵菌繁殖体的大规模生产。
Two isolates of Metarhizium spp. were studied for propagule production, because of their pathogenic activity towards locusts and grasshoppers (Mf189 = M. flavoviride (or M. anisopliae var. acridum) strain IMI 330189, and Mf324 = M. flavoviride strain ARSEF324). Both isolates were grown in seven different liquid media, which have been developed for mass production of various Hyphomycetes, considered as candidates for microbial control of noxious insects. Shake-flask experiments were carried out at 28 degreesC in the dark. Production was quantified for 72 h and the effects of the tested media were evaluated on propagule concentration, morphology and pathogenicity. Based on preliminary experiments, all tested media were supplemented with 0.4% Tween 80 to avoid the formation of pellets and to produce unicellular propagules. Submerged propagule yields were higher with Mf189 than with Mf324 in all seven media. While high concentrations of propagules (1.4 to 2.4 x 10(8) propagules ml(-1) for MF189 and 1.4 to 8.3 x 10(7) propagules ml(-1) for Mf324) were produced in four media (Adamek, Catroux, Jackson, and Jenkins-Prior media), production of propagules was lower in the three other media (Goral, Kondryatiev, and Paris media). Both isolates produced oblong blastospore-like propagules, except in Kondryatiev medium in which they provided ovoid propagules. In this case, Mf189 submerged propagules looked like aerial conidia, but scanning observations did not demonstrate a typical conidiogenesis via phialides. In Kondryatiev medium, Mf324 submerged propagules were significantly smaller than aerial conidia. Infection potential of submerged propagules was assayed on Schistocerca gregaria. Second-instar larvae fed for 48 h on fresh wheat previously contaminated by a spraying suspension of each inoculum titrated at 10(7) propagules ml(-1). All seven media produced submerged propagules that were highly infectious for S. gregaria larvae. Shake flask culture assays permitted us to select three low-cost media, Adamek, Jenkins-Prior, and Catroux for improving scale-up of liquid fermentation focused on mass-production of Metarhizium propagules for mycoinsecticides devoted to locust control.