The effect of mindfulness training on extinction retention
The effect of mindfulness training on extinction retention
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-019-56167-7
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发表时间：
2019-12-27
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Kirk, Ulrich
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bjorkstrand, Johannes;Schiller, Daniela;Kirk, Ulrich
与焦虑和创伤有关的疾病非常普遍，给社会造成痛苦和高昂的代价。目前的治疗策略虽然有效，但与适当的对照组相比，仅显示出中等的效应量，表明需要开发新的治疗形式或优化现有的治疗形式。为了做到这一点，需要进一步了解所涉及的机制。新兴文献表明，正念训练（MFT）可用于治疗恐惧和焦虑相关疾病，但治疗机制尚不清楚。一个假设，主要是基于神经影像学研究的结果，指出MFT可能会改善消光保持，但这还没有得到实证证明。为了调查这个问题，健康受试者通过智能手机应用程序完成了为期4周的MFT干预（n = 14）或被分配到等待名单（n = 15）。随后，受试者参加了为期两天的实验方案，使用巴甫洛夫厌恶条件反射，评估收购和灭绝的威胁相关的反应在第1天，和灭绝保留在第2天。结果显示，在第2天，与等待列表对照组相比，MFT组显示出减少的威胁相关唤醒反应的自发恢复。然而，MFT对第1天条件反应的获得或消退没有影响。这阐明了MFT对情绪功能的积极影响，并可能对焦虑和创伤相关疾病的治疗产生影响。
Anxiety and trauma related disorders are highly prevalent, causing suffering and high costs for society. Current treatment strategies, although effective, only show moderate effect-sizes when compared to adequate control groups demonstrating a need to develop new forms of treatment or optimize existing ones. In order to achieve this, an increased understanding of what mechanisms are involved is needed. An emerging literature indicates that mindfulness training (MFT) can be used to treat fear and anxiety related disorders, but the treatment mechanisms are unclear. One hypothesis, largely based on findings from neuroimaging studies, states that MFT may improve extinction retention, but this has not been demonstrated empirically. To investigate this question healthy subjects either completed a 4-week MFT-intervention delivered through a smart-phone app (n = 14) or were assigned to a waitlist (n = 15). Subsequently, subjects participated in a two-day experimental protocol using pavlovian aversive conditioning, evaluating acquisition and extinction of threat-related responses on day 1, and extinction retention on day 2. Results showed that the MFT group displayed reduced spontaneous recovery of threat related arousal responses, as compared to the waitlist control group, on day 2. MFT did not however, have an effect on either the acquisition or extinction of conditioned responses day 1. This clarifies the positive effect of MFT on emotional functioning and could have implications for the treatment of anxiety and trauma related disorders.