Relationships between Large-Spike Phenotype, Grain Number, and Yield Potential in Spring Wheat
Relationships between Large-Spike Phenotype, Grain Number, and Yield Potential in Spring Wheat
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DOI：
10.2135/cropsci2008.05.0285
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发表时间：
2009-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Foulkes, M. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gaju, O.;Reynolds, M. P.;Foulkes, M. J.
我们的目的是研究两个具有大穗表型 (LSP) 的 CIMMYT 春小麦 (Triticum aestivum L.) 品系 LSP1 和 LSP2 以及一个对照品种 Bacanora 在生长室中以单株植株在高辐射、灌溉田间条件下以正常播种密度种植时每平方米粒数 (GN) 和产量的生理基础。在生长室中，与 Bacanora 相比，轴长度、每穗小穗数和每穗粒数分别增加了 14% 至 39%、12% 至 31% 和 8% 至 19%。小穗数量的增加与小穗原基产生的较长热持续时间相关。在田间，从 2003-2004 年到 2005-2006 年三个季节的平均值来看，与 Bacanora 相比，LSP 品系的每穗小穗数和每穗粒数分别增加了 4% 至 6% 和 4% 至 5%（P < 0.05）。与 Bacanora 相比，LSP2 的总 GN (-23%) 和产量 (-8%) 降低，且每平方米穗数较低 (-26%) (P < 0.05)。 LSP1 的总GN (-9%) 和产量(+2%) 总体上与Bacanora 没有什么不同，尽管LSP1 在2004-2005 年的一个季节中产量更高(+9%) (P < 0.05)。在生长室和田间实验中，LSP1 生产的谷物比 Bacanora 重约 10%，LSP2 生产的谷物重约 20%。 LSP1 显示出与基因型之间每克穗干物质（花期）的粒数与粒重之间总体负相关关系的正背离。 LSP1可能代表了一种新颖的穗形态的来源，可用于旨在提高高GN下籽粒尺寸以提高产量潜力的育种计划。
Our objective was to investigate the physiological basis of grain number per square meter (GN) and yield in two CIMMYT spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) lines of large-spike phenotype (LSP), LSP1 and LSP2, and one check cultivar, Bacanora, when grown as single plants in the growth room and at normal sowing densities in high radiation, irrigated field conditions. In the growth room, rachis length, spikelets per spike, and grains per spike were increased by 14 to 39%, 12 to 31% and 8 to 19%, respectively, compared to Bacanora. Increased spikelet number was associated with a longer thermal duration for spikelet primordia production. In the field, averaged over three seasons, 2003-2004 to 2005-2006, spikelets per spike and grains per spike were increased by 4 to 6% and 4 to 5%, respectively, in LSP lines compared to Bacanora (P < 0.05). Overall GN (-23%) and yield (-8%) were decreased in LSP2 compared to Bacanora associated with a lower spike number per square meter (-26%) (P < 0.05). The GN (-9%) and yield (+2%) of LSP1 overall were not different to Bacanora, although LSP1 yielded more in one season, 2004-2005 (+9%) (P < 0.05). LSP1 produced grains about 10% heavier and LSP2, about 20% heavier, than Bacanora, in both growth-room and field experiments. LSP1 showed a positive departure from the overall negative relationship between grains per gram of spike dry matter (at anthesis) and grain weight among the genotypes. LSP1 may represent a source of novel spike morphology for use in breeding programs aimed at boosting grain size at high GN to enhance yield potential.