The stocks and flows of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium across a 30-year time series for agriculture in Huantai county, China.
The stocks and flows of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium across a 30-year time series for agriculture in Huantai county, China.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.335
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发表时间：
2018-04
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Bellarby;B. Surridge;P. Haygarth;Kun Liu;G. Siciliano;Laurence Smith;C. Rahn;F. Meng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Bellarby;B. Surridge;P. Haygarth;Kun Liu;G. Siciliano;Laurence Smith;C. Rahn;F. Meng
为了提高养分利用效率，同时满足中国粮食需求的预期变化，需要新的养分管理框架，包括政策、实践和实现变化的手段。这些框架应以系统分析农业生产中养分的存量和流动为基础。本文报道了华北平原集约化农业生产示范区桓台县30年氮、磷、钾储量和流量的时间序列。在1983-2014年期间，对该县的主要作物系统进行了物质流分析。2010年至2014年期间，桓台县所有生产系统的平均年养分投入总量保持在18.1 kt N，2.7 kt P和7.8 kt K的高位（696 kg N ha− 1; 104 kg P ha− 1; 300 kg K ha− 1）。虽然无机肥料的应用占主导地位，这些投入，作物残留物，大气沉积物和牲畜粪便代表重要的，但在很大程度上未被认识到，营养来源，这取决于个人的生产系统和时间段。虽然1983年至2014年期间氮和磷的养分利用效率（NUE）有所增加，但未来NUE的改善将需要更好地调整养分投入和作物需求。高价值水果和蔬菜生产尤其如此，在这方面，需要适当认识到来自粪肥和土壤储备等来源的养分供应，以提高NUE。结合中国县级公共农业推广服务的结构组织，我们的分析突出了未来农业政策和农业建议发展的关键领域，以重新平衡自然资源管理，从注重生产和增长转向效率和可持续性目标。
In order to improve the efficiency of nutrient use whilst also meeting projected changes in the demand for food within China, new nutrient management frameworks comprised of policy, practice and the means of delivering change are required. These frameworks should be underpinned by systemic analyses of the stocks and flows of nutrients within agricultural production. In this paper, a 30-year time series of the stocks and flows of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) are reported for Huantai county, an exemplar area of intensive agricultural production in the North China Plain. Substance flow analyses were constructed for the major crop systems in the county across the period 1983–2014. On average across all production systems between 2010 and 2014, total annual nutrient inputs to agricultural land in Huantai county remained high at 18.1 kt N, 2.7 kt P and 7.8 kt K (696 kg N ha− 1; 104 kg P ha− 1; 300 kg K ha− 1). Whilst the application of inorganic fertiliser dominated these inputs, crop residues, atmospheric deposition and livestock manure represented significant, yet largely unrecognised, sources of nutrients, depending on the individual production system and the period of time. Whilst nutrient use efficiency (NUE) increased for N and P between 1983 and 2014, future improvements in NUE will require better alignment of nutrient inputs and crop demand. This is particularly true for high-value fruit and vegetable production, in which appropriate recognition of nutrient supply from sources such as manure and from soil reserves will be required to enhance NUE. Aligned with the structural organisation of the public agricultural extension service at county-scale in China, our analyses highlight key areas for the development of future agricultural policy and farm advice in order to rebalance the management of natural resources from a focus on production and growth towards the aims of efficiency and sustainability.