Risk perception and its association with cardiac risk and health behaviors among urban minority adults: the Bronx Coronary Risk Perception study.
Risk perception and its association with cardiac risk and health behaviors among urban minority adults: the Bronx Coronary Risk Perception study.
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DOI：
10.4278/ajhp.07072574
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发表时间：
2009-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Walker EA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barnhart JM;Wright ND;Freeman K;Silagy F;Correa N;Walker EA
探讨风险认知、健康行为与冠心病（CHD）实际风险测量之间的关系。横截面调查。来自三个门诊医疗诊所的成年人，至少有一个CHD风险因素。使用新的冠状动脉风险、个体感知（CRIP）量表（CHD风险指数）和自我报告的饮食和运动的汇总评分来感知风险。使用斯皮尔曼秩和Kruskil-Wallis的双变量关联;结局（健康行为）的多元回归模型。16项CRIP量表具有可接受的内部一致性（α =0.76;项目间总相关=0.34 ± 0.17）。应答率为80.3%，256名应答者的平均年龄为56.6（±9.9）岁; 70%为女性，63%为西班牙裔，27%为黑人。CRIP评分与低脂肪/高纤维摄入（r=-0.17; p=0.007）和运动（r=-0.19; p=0.003）呈负相关。在有3个或更多CHD危险因素的受访者（n=132）中，44%的人认为自己患CHD的风险较低。在多变量模型中，CRIP评分高的男性脂肪摄入量高于女性（p=0.02），但男性锻炼更多（p=0.04）。在这项研究中，性别调节了风险认知和健康行为之间的关系，许多受访者低估了他们患冠心病的风险。旨在降低少数人群心脏代谢风险的行为研究应解决感知和实际冠心病风险之间的差异，以促进生活方式的改变，并检查风险感知和健康行为之间的时间关系。
To examine the relationship between risk perceptions, health behaviors, and a measure for actual risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Cross-sectional survey. Adults from three outpatient medical clinics with at least one CHD risk factor. Perceived risk using the new Coronary Risk, Individual Perception (CRIP) scale, an index of CHD risk, and summary scores for self-reported diet and exercise. Bivariate associations using Spearman Rank and Kruskil-Wallis; multiple regression models for outcomes (health behaviors). The 16-item CRIP scale had acceptable internal consistency (α =0.76; inter-item total correlation=0.34 ± 0.17). The response rate was 80.3% and the mean age of 256 respondents was 56.6 (±9.9) years; 70% were women, 63% Hispanic, and 27% black. CRIP scores were inversely associated with low-fat/high fiber intake (r=− 0.17; p=0.007) and exercise (r=−0.19; p=0.003). Among respondents with 3 or more CHD risk factors (n=132), 44% perceived themselves to be at low risk for CHD. In multivariable models, men with high CRIP scores had higher fat intake than women (p=0.02), but men exercised more (p=0.04). In this study, gender moderated the relationship between risk perception and health behaviors and many respondents underestimated their risk of CHD. Behavioral research aimed at reducing cardiometabolic risk in minority populations should resolve differences between perceived and actual risk of CHD to foster lifestyle changes, and examine temporal relationships between risk perception and health behaviors.