Herbage yield, essential oil content and composition of three oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) populations as affected by soil moisture regimes and nitrogen supply
Herbage yield, essential oil content and composition of three oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) populations as affected by soil moisture regimes and nitrogen supply
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DOI：
10.1016/j.indcrop.2008.11.001
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发表时间：
2009-03-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Honermeier, Bernd
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Azizi, Ali;Yan, Feng;Honermeier, Bernd
为了比较牛至（Origanum vulgare L.）种群对土壤水分状况和氮肥的响应，在温室中对德国种植的牛至（O. vulgare var. creticum， O. vulgare ssp.）三个种群进行了试验。hirtum， O. vulgare var. samothrake)研究于2006-2007年在德国李比希大学的raischholzhausen研究站进行。采用全随机试验设计，设置3种土壤湿度制度（最适、持续缺水和花期开始缺水）和2种氮肥水平，6个重复。在2个试验年里，沙栎栎种群的干物质产量基本稳定，而黑栎和小栎种群的干物质产量基本稳定。2007年的Hirtum高于2006年。在被试种群中，两试验年的挥发油含量均最高。持续缺水导致干物质减少，但不影响精油含量。花期缺水也减少了干物质产量，但增加了精油含量，导致2006年精油产量最高，2007年精油产量与对照相当。高氮水平导致两个试验年份牛至干物质产量增加，2007年牛至精油含量下降，这可以用稀释效应来解释。用GC-MS方法从3个种群的精油中鉴定出42个化合物。香芹酚为主要成分（70.0 ~ 77.4%），γ -松蒎烯（8.1 ~ 9.5%）和对伞花烃（4.5 ~ 5.3%）次之。牛至群体挥发油的组成与栽培条件无关。综上所述，沙栎种群干物质产量稳定，挥发油含量高于黄栎和黄栎种群。hirtum。开花后缺水（折花）可引起精油含量的增加，从而提高牛至草的品质和牛至植株的水分利用效率。(C) 2008 Elsevier B.V.版权所有
To compare the response of oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) populations to soil moisture regimes and nitrogen fertilization, a greenhouse experiment with three populations of oregano cultivated in Germany (O. vulgare var. creticum, O. vulgare ssp. hirtum, O. vulgare var. samothrake) was conducted during 2006-2007 at the research station Rauischholzhausen of Justus Liebig University in Germany. A completely randomized experimental design with three soil moisture regimes (optimal, consistent water deficiency and water deficiency from the beginning of flowering) and two nitrogen fertilization levels with six replications was realized. Dry matter production of population O. vulgare var. samothrake was stable for two experiment years, whereas those of the populations O. vulgare var. creticum and O. vulgare ssp. hirtum were higher in 2007 than in 2006. Among tested populations O. vulgare var. samothrake showed the highest essential oil content in both experiment years. Consistent water deficiency caused reduction of dry matter, but not essential oil content. Water deficiency in flowering stage reduced also dry matter production, but increased essential oil content, resulting in the highest essential oil yield in 2006 and a comparable essential oil yield as control in 2007. Higher nitrogen levels caused an increase in dry matter production of oregano for both experiment years and a decrease in essential oil content in 2007, which can be explained in terms of dilution effect. Totally, 42 compounds were identified in essential oils of three populations by means of GC-MS. Carvacrol was the dominant compound (70.0-77.4%) for all essential oil samples, followed by gamma-terpinene (8.1-9.5%) and p-cymene (4.5-5.3%). The composition of essential oil of oregano populations was independent of cultivation conditions. In conclusion, the population of O. vulgare var. samothrake showed a stable dry matter yield with higher essential oil content than the populations of O. vulgare var. creticum and O. vulgare ssp. hirtum. water deficiency after beginning of blooming (folded flowers) can induce an increase in essential oil content and thus result in higher quality of oregano herbage and higher water use efficiency of oregano plants. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.