The evolution of fungal substrate specificity in a widespread group of crustose lichens
The evolution of fungal substrate specificity in a widespread group of crustose lichens
复制标题
广泛分布的甲壳地衣中真菌底物特异性的演变
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Spribille
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Philipp Resl;F. Fernández;H. Mayrhofer;T. Spribille
地衣对它们所寄生的表面表现出不同程度的专门化，从基质通用型到严格的基质专门型。虽然人们早就认识到，但对基质专门化的原因和后果却知之甚少。利用150-200万年地衣真菌进化枝的系统发育，我们询问底物生态位在系统发育上是否保守，哪些底物是祖先，专门性是由通才产生的，反之亦然，以及专门化如何影响物种形成/灭绝过程。我们发现了强大的生态位保守性系统发育信号。专家进化成通才，然后再进化回来，但从通才到专才的转变比相反的转变更常见。我们的模型表明，对于这组真菌来说，从土壤、岩石和树皮的特化中“逃脱”了，但对木材的特化阻止了这种基质类型的进化。与此同时，物种形成模型显示，土壤和岩石居民的多样化率为正，而其他专家则没有。研究小组的模式表明，真菌底物特异性是整个地衣共生进化轨迹的关键决定因素。
Lichens exhibit varying degrees of specialization with regard to the surfaces they colonize, ranging from substrate generalists to strict substrate specialists. Though long recognized, the causes and consequences of substrate specialization are poorly known. Using a phylogeny of a 150–200 Mya clade of lichen fungi, we asked whether substrate niche is phylogenetically conserved, which substrates are ancestral, whether specialists arise from generalists or vice versa and how specialization affects speciation/extinction processes. We found strong phylogenetic signal for niche conservatism. Specialists evolved into generalists and back again, but transitions from generalism to specialism were more common than the reverse. Our models suggest that for this group of fungi, ‘escape’ from specialization for soil, rock and bark occurred, but specialization for wood foreclosed evolution away from that substrate type. In parallel, speciation models showed positive diversification rates for soil and rock dwellers but not other specialists. Patterns in the studied group suggest that fungal substrate specificity is a key determinant of evolutionary trajectory for the entire lichen symbiosis.
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Beimforde, Christina;Feldberg, Kathrin;Schmidt, Alexander R.
通讯作者：
Schmidt, Alexander R.