Using Emotion as Information in Future-Oriented Cognition: Individual Differences in the Context of State Negative Affect.
Using Emotion as Information in Future-Oriented Cognition: Individual Differences in the Context of State Negative Affect.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.paid.2016.02.033
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发表时间：
2016-06
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Stanton AL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marroquín B;Boyle CC;Nolen-Hoeksema S;Stanton AL
对未来的预测容易受到情绪状态的情绪一致性影响。然而，最近的研究表明，个体在将情绪纳入认知的程度上也存在差异。本研究探讨了这种个体差异在状态负性情绪背景下的作用。我们研究了使用消极或积极情绪作为信息的特质倾向是否会影响个体对未来发生的事情（可能性估计）和事件感受（情感预测）的预测，以及特质影响是否取决于情绪状态。参与者（N = 119）报告的倾向，使用情绪作为信息（“以下的感觉”），经历了情绪诱导（消极与中性），并作出可能性估计和情感预测未来的事件。对未来的看法是由情绪状态和个体差异预测的。虽然消极情绪影响了大多数情绪状态下的未来导向认知，但积极情绪特别缓冲了个体在消极情绪条件下对未来的看法，特别是对积极的未来事件，这是一种对心理健康特别重要的未来事件预测。个体差异可能会赋予倾向于乐观或悲观的预期未来的背景下，急性负面情绪，与适应性和适应不良功能的影响。
Predictions about the future are susceptible to mood-congruent influences of emotional state. However, recent work suggests individuals also differ in the degree to which they incorporate emotion into cognition. This study examined the role of such individual differences in the context of state negative emotion. We examined whether trait tendencies to use negative or positive emotion as information affect individuals' predictions of what will happen in the future (likelihood estimation) and how events will feel (affective forecasting), and whether trait influences depend on emotional state. Participants (N=119) reported on tendencies to use emotion as information (“following feelings”), underwent an emotion induction (negative versus neutral), and made likelihood estimates and affective forecasts for future events. Views of the future were predicted by both emotional state and individual differences in following feelings. Whereas following negative feelings affected most future-oriented cognition across emotional states, following positive feelings specifically buffered individuals' views of the future in the negative emotion condition, and specifically for positive future events, a category of future-event prediction especially important in psychological health. Individual differences may confer predisposition toward optimistic or pessimistic expectations of the future in the context of acute negative emotion, with implications for adaptive and maladaptive functioning.