The concept and status of trait in research on temperament
The concept and status of trait in research on temperament
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/per.412
复制
发表时间：
2001-07
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
J. Strelau
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Strelau
本文的目的是表明，气质研究不可避免地与人格研究中所应用的特质概念相关联。气质研究基于个体差异研究方法，而特质是描述这些差异的基本单位。以特质的定义为出发点，即特质是一种在多种情境中表现出的以某种方式行为或反应的相对稳定且具有个体特异性的普遍倾向，本文对气质特质的假设状态进行了讨论。特别关注了推断气质特质所依据的状态和行为，以及这些特质的生物和环境决定因素。从个体差异的角度来看，气质特质只是人格结构的一部分，而这种角度只是审视人格复杂本质的众多角度之一。版权所有©2001约翰威立父子有限公司
The aim of the paper is to show that research on temperament is inescapably bound with the concept of trait as applied in personality research. It is the individual differences approach on which temperament studies are based, and traits are the basic units by means of which these differences are described. Taking as a point of departure the definition of trait understood as a relatively stable and individual‐specific generalized tendency to behave or react in a certain way expressed in a variety of situations, the hypothetical status of temperament traits is discussed. Special attention is paid to states and behaviour by means of which temperament traits are inferred as well as to the biological and environmental determinants of these traits. Temperamental traits constitute only a part of the personality structure viewed from the perspective of individual differences and this perspective is only one of the many from which the complex nature of personality should be viewed. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.