Circulation and exchange in a broad Arctic fjord using glider-based observations

Circulation and exchange in a broad Arctic fjord using glider-based observations
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使用滑翔机观测在广阔的北极峡湾中进行环流和交换

DOI:
10.1080/17518369.2018.1485417
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
影响因子:
1.9
通讯作者:
Fraser N
Fraser N
中科院分区:
地球科学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fraser N

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近年来,斯瓦尔巴群岛冬季海冰面积大幅减少。这与弗拉姆海峡风应力模式的变化以及大西洋暖水进入峡湾的增加有关。 2014 年 11 月,我们在 Isfjorden 部署了两架 Slocum 滑翔机,测量了该地区的水文特性和深度平均水流。此次活动标志着滑翔机首次在北极峡湾内使用。我们在峡湾口和伊斯峡湾内部观察到了地转平衡流动模式,其中流入峡湾的热通量计算为 0.13 TW,而在伊斯峡湾内部,地转流动高达 20 cm s−1。西斯匹次卑尔根陆架盛行风向发生变化后,我们在峡湾口发现了风力驱动的地转控制机制,阻碍了峡湾与陆架的交换,并发现峡湾内部的地转环流已经中断。我们得出的结论是,伊斯峡湾的环流模式在很大程度上受到当地和西斯匹次卑尔根陆架的旋转效应和风活动的影响,并且考虑到峡湾口的正确条件,地转平衡的交换流可能会将大西洋水输送到峡湾内部。整个伊斯峡湾地区的水文学和高分辨率速度数据的结合为这里的环流提供了新的见解,表明这种方法将有助于将来研究高纬度峡湾。
In recent years, Svalbard fjords have experienced a substantial reduction in winter sea-ice extent. This has been linked to changes in wind stress patterns over Fram Strait and an increased transport of warm Atlantic Water into the fjords. In November 2014, we deployed two Slocum gliders to Isfjorden and measured the hydrographical properties and depth-averaged currents in the region. The campaign marked the first time gliders have been used inside an Arctic fjord. We observed geostrophically balanced flow patterns both in the mouth, where the heat flux into the fjord was calculated to be 0.13 TW, and in the interior of Isfjorden, where geostrophic flows were up to 20 cm s−1. After a change in the prevailing wind direction on the West Spitsbergen Shelf, we found evidence for a wind-driven geostrophic control mechanism at the fjord mouth, impeding fjord–shelf exchange, and found that the geostrophic circulation inside the fjord had broken down. We conclude that the circulation patterns in Isfjorden are heavily influenced by rotational effects and by wind activity both locally and on the West Spitsbergen Shelf, and that geostrophically balanced exchange flows may deliver Atlantic Water to the fjord interior given the correct conditions at the fjord mouth. The combination of hydrography and high-resolution velocity data from throughout the Isfjorden region provided new insights into the circulation here, suggesting that this approach will be useful for studying high-latitude fjords in the future.
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