Capitalism in the Web of Life: Ecology and the Accumulation of Capital
Capitalism in the Web of Life: Ecology and the Accumulation of Capital
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生命之网中的资本主义：生态与资本积累
DOI：
10.5840/gfpj201637226
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Dan Boscov
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dan Boscov
在《生命之网中的资本主义》一书中，杰森·W·摩尔提出了一种新的综合框架，该框架借鉴了环保主义、女权主义和马克思主义思想，构建了自然资本主义（而不是资本主义和自然）的理论大厦。摩尔的书来自不断发展的世界生态研究网络，其跨学科方法是独一无二的，涵盖了社会学、经济学、地理学、历史学、国际发展和政治学等领域的一系列令人印象深刻的重要学术成果。争论的关键在于一个基本概念，即 oikeios，它“使生命网络中的资本积累理论得以实现，但其本身并不能实现”（第 10 页）。对于摩尔来说，oikeios 命名了包括所有形式的人类组织在内的生命创造关系，人类组织既是 oikeios 的产品，又是其生产者。正是通过这种辩证工具，摩尔打破了人类与自然的分离以及人为对生态危机的贡献；在此过程中，他将焦点转向人类如何在生命网络中与自然结合起来，并记录了人类让自然（包括其他人类）发挥作用的财富和权力积累的历史共同生产。对于摩尔来说，人类历史必须重新考虑，以反映人类在自然生命网络中的共同生产。
In Capitalism in the Web of Life, Jason W. Moore advances a new synthetic framework that draws on environmentalist, feminist, and Marxist thought to formulate a theoretical edifice of capitalism-in-nature (as opposed to capitalism and nature). Hailing from the growing World-Ecology Research Network, Moore’s book is unique in its transdisciplinary approach, spanning an impressive array of key scholarship from sociology, economics, geography, history, international development, and political science, among others. The crux of the argument hinges on an essential concept, the oikeios, that “enables—but on its own does not accomplish—a theory of capital accumulation in the web of life” (p. 10). For Moore, the oikeios names the life-making relation that includes all forms of human organization, which is both a product and producer of the oikeios. It is with this dialectical tool that Moore disrupts perceived separations of humanity from nature and anthropogenic contributions to ecological crises; in doing so, he shifts focus to how humanity is unified with nature within the web of life and chronicles the historical coproduction of wealth and power accumulation in which humans put nature (including other humans) to work. For Moore, human history must be reconsidered to reflect the coproduction of humans in nature within the web of life.