Individual Differences and Long-term Consequences of tDCS-augmented Cognitive Training
Individual Differences and Long-term Consequences of tDCS-augmented Cognitive Training
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DOI：
10.1162/jocn_a_01115
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发表时间：
2017-09-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Jonides, John
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Katz, Benjamin;Au, Jacky;Jonides, John
大量的兴趣围绕着使用经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）来增强认知训练。然而，不同研究的效果并不一致，荟萃分析的证据也是混合的，特别是对于健康的年轻人。这种不一致性的一个主要来源是参与者之间的个体差异，但这些差异很少在联合训练/刺激研究的背景下进行检查。此外，目前还不清楚刺激的效果持续多久，即使在成功的干预措施。一些研究使用了后续评估，但很少有研究在干预后几个月内测量表现。在这里，我们利用了来自先前tDCS和认知训练研究的数据[Au，J.，Katz，B.，Buschkuehl，M.，Bunarjo，K.，Senger，T.，扎贝尔角，通过经颅直流电刺激增强工作记忆训练。Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience，28，1419-1432，2016]，其中参与者在接受主动或假tDCS的同时在工作记忆任务上训练7天。进行了一项新的长期随访，以评估后期表现，并增加了额外的参与者，以使假手术条件更有效。我们评估了基线认知能力、性别、训练地点和动机水平，并在预测训练增益的模型中发现了基线能力和动机与条件（主动或假）之间的显著相互作用。此外，即使在最初干预后长达一年，活动条件与假条件的改善似乎也是稳定的。
A great deal of interest surrounds the use of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to augment cognitive training. However, effects are inconsistent across studies, and meta-analytic evidence is mixed, especially for healthy, young adults. One major source of this inconsistency is individual differences among the participants, but these differences are rarely examined in the context of combined training/stimulation studies. In addition, it is unclear how long the effects of stimulation last, even in successful interventions. Some studies make use of follow-up assessments, but very few have measured performance more than a few months after an intervention. Here, we utilized data from a previous study of tDCS and cognitive training [Au, J., Katz, B., Buschkuehl, M., Bunarjo, K., Senger, T., Zabel, C., et al. Enhancing working memory training with transcranial direct current stimulation. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 28, 1419-1432, 2016] in which participants trained on a working memory task over 7 days while receiving active or sham tDCS. A new, longer-term follow-up to assess later performance was conducted, and additional participants were added so that the sham condition was better powered. We assessed baseline cognitive ability, gender, training site, and motivation level and found significant interactions between both baseline ability and motivation with condition (active or sham) in models predicting training gain. In addition, the improvements in the active condition versus sham condition appear to be stable even as long as a year after the original intervention.