An in vitro model of ischemic stroke.
An in vitro model of ischemic stroke.
复制标题
缺血性中风的体外模型。
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-61779-452-0_30
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Abbruscato,ThomasJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yang,Li;Shah,KaushikK;Abbruscato,ThomasJ
脑中风是一种毁灭性的脑血管疾病，是美国第三大常见的死亡和残疾原因。中风期间血脑屏障（BBB）信号和通透性特征的改变会增加危及生命的出血性转化或破坏性脑水肿的风险。血脑屏障通过保护大脑免受血浆成分波动的影响，在生理/病理条件下维持通透性和中枢神经系统稳态方面发挥着至关重要的作用。在过去的几十年里，已经开发和研究了许多体外脑内皮细胞培养模型，以了解 BBB 在中风中的病理生理机制和作用。脑内皮细胞的限制性屏障特性已被证明主要受到星形胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞分泌因子使用共培养系统的影响。通过使用星形胶质细胞-内皮共培养物，可以模拟体内 BBB 特征，同时允许进行机制研究。因此，体外星形胶质细胞-内皮细胞共培养 BBB 系统的应用是理解和研究中风病理生理机制的有力技术。这种方法可用于揭示细胞信号传导途径，并可能确定新的神经血管药物靶点来治疗这种毁灭性的脑血管疾病。
Brain stroke is a devastating cerebrovascular disease and ranks as the third most common cause of death and disability in the US. Altered blood–brain barrier (BBB) signaling and permeability characteristics during stroke can increase the risk for life-threatening hemorrhagic transformation or damaging brain edema. The BBB plays a crucial role in maintaining the permeability and CNS homeostasis under physiological/pathological conditions by protecting the brain from the fluctuations in plasma constituents. Many in vitro brain endothelial cell culture models have been developed and studied over the past several decades to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms and role of the BBB in stroke. Restrictive barrier properties of brain endothelial cells have been shown to be predominantly influenced by astrocytes and astrocyte-secreting factors using coculture systems. By using astrocyte-endothelial cocultures, it is possible to model in vivo BBB characteristics, while allowing for mechanistic studies to be performed. Hence, the application of in vitro astrocyte-endothelial coculture BBB systems is a powerful technique to understand and investigate the pathophysiological mechanisms in stroke. This approach can be utilized to uncover cell signaling pathways and that may identify new neurovascular drug targets to treat this devastating brain vascular disease.