Successful physiological aging and episodic memory: A brain stimulation study
Successful physiological aging and episodic memory: A brain stimulation study
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.bbr.2010.07.027
复制
发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Miniussi, Carlo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Manenti, Rosa;Cotelli, Maria;Miniussi, Carlo
功能性神经影像学研究表明，在情景记忆任务中，年轻人倾向于不对称地招募大脑半球的特定区域（半球编码提取AERMAY-HERA模型）。在老年人中，这种半球不对称性通常会减少，如老年人半球不对称性减少-哈罗德模型所示。最近的研究表明，虽然表现不佳的老年人没有表现出这种减少的不对称性，但表现出色的老年人通过大脑网络的可塑性重组来抵消与年龄相关的神经衰退，从而减少功能不对称性。然而，高绩效和低绩效的老年人是否表现出不同程度的不对称性以及这一过程与对抗衰老的相关性的问题尚未得到澄清。我们使用经颅磁刺激（TMS）短暂干扰背外侧前额叶皮质（DLPFC）的功能在编码或检索相关和非相关词对期间。一组健康的老年人进行了研究期间的编码和提取的词对。受试者根据他们的实验表现分为两个亚组（即，高性能和低性能）。经颅磁刺激对检索的影响因受试者的亚组而异。特别是，HERA模型预测的编码过程中左侧与右侧DLPFC效应的优势仅在低绩效老年人中观察到，而HAROLD模型预测的不对称性降低选择性地显示在高绩效组中。目前的数据证实，具有较高记忆表现的老年人表现出较少的前额叶不对称性，作为一种有效的策略，以抵消与年龄相关的记忆衰退。(C)2010 Elsevier BV保留所有权利。
Functional neuroimaging studies have shown that younger adults tend to asymmetrically recruit specific regions of an hemisphere in an episodic memory task (Hemispheric Encoding Retrieval Asymmetry-HERA model). In older adults, this hemispheric asymmetry is generally reduced as suggested by the Hemispheric Asymmetry Reduction for OLDer Adults-HAROLD-model. Recent works suggest that while low-performing older adults do not show this reduced asymmetry, high-performing older adults counteract age-related neural decline through a plastic reorganization of cerebral networks that results in reduced functional asymmetry. However, the issue of whether high- and low-performing older adults show different degrees of asymmetry and the relevance of this process for counteracting aging have not been clarified.We used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to transiently interfere with the function of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) during encoding or retrieval of associated and non-associated word pairs. A group of healthy older adults was studied during encoding and retrieval of word pairs. The subjects were divided in two subgroups according to their experimental performance (i.e., high- and low-performing). TMS effects on retrieval differed according to the subject's subgroup. In particular, the predominance of left vs. right DLPFC effects during encoding, predicted by the HERA model, was observed only in low-performing older adults, while the asymmetry reduction predicted by the HAROLD model was selectively shown for the high-performing group. The present data confirm that older adults with higher memory performance show less prefrontal asymmetry as an efficient strategy to counteract age-related memory decline. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.