Changes in the neural control of a complex motor sequence during learning
Changes in the neural control of a complex motor sequence during learning
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DOI：
10.1152/jn.00018.2011
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发表时间：
2011-07-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Fee, Michale S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Oelveczky, Bence P.;Otchy, Timothy M.;Fee, Michale S.
Olveczky BP，Otchy TM，Goldberg JH，Aronov D，Fee MS.学习过程中复杂运动序列的神经控制变化。J Neurophysiol 106：386-397，2011.首次发表于2011年5月4日; doi：10.1152/jn.00018.2011。复杂运动序列的获得通常通过试错学习进行，需要对运动动作进行仔细的探索，并对由此产生的表现进行评估。鸣禽以这种方式学习它们的歌曲，在幼年时产生高度可变的发声。随着歌声的改善，声音的变异性逐渐减少，直到成年鸟几乎完全消失。在本研究中，我们研究如何运动程序的基础上这样一个复杂的运动行为在学习过程中的发展记录从强大的核arcopallium（RA），运动皮层模拟脑区。在幼鸟中，RA中的神经元表现出高度可变的放电模式，在整个发育过程中变得更加精确、稀疏和突发。我们进一步探讨了RA中的运动程序是如何通过其两个主要输入来形成的：LMAN，基底神经节-前脑回路的输出核，和HVC，运动前核。LMAN在歌唱过程中的药理学失活使得RA神经元的歌曲排列的放电模式在其刻板性中类似于成人，而不会显著影响尖峰统计或整体放电模式。另一方面，去除HVC的输入，导致歌曲和潜在运动程序的刻板印象完全丧失。因此，我们的研究结果表明，基底神经节-前脑回路通过增加发育中的运动程序的可变性来驱动试错学习所需的运动探索。随着学习的进行和运动回路的成熟，LMAN的相对贡献减少，允许来自HVC的前运动输入驱动越来越刻板的歌曲。
Olveczky BP, Otchy TM, Goldberg JH, Aronov D, Fee MS. Changes in the neural control of a complex motor sequence during learning. J Neurophysiol 106: 386-397, 2011. First published May 4, 2011; doi:10.1152/jn.00018.2011.-The acquisition of complex motor sequences often proceeds through trial-and-error learning, requiring the deliberate exploration of motor actions and the concomitant evaluation of the resulting performance. Songbirds learn their song in this manner, producing highly variable vocalizations as juveniles. As the song improves, vocal variability is gradually reduced until it is all but eliminated in adult birds. In the present study we examine how the motor program underlying such a complex motor behavior evolves during learning by recording from the robust nucleus of the arcopallium ( RA), a motor cortex analog brain region. In young birds, neurons in RA exhibited highly variable firing patterns that throughout development became more precise, sparse, and bursty. We further explored how the developing motor program in RA is shaped by its two main inputs: LMAN, the output nucleus of a basal ganglia-forebrain circuit, and HVC, a premotor nucleus. Pharmacological inactivation of LMAN during singing made the song-aligned firing patterns of RA neurons adultlike in their stereotypy without dramatically affecting the spike statistics or the overall firing patterns. Removing the input from HVC, on the other hand, resulted in a complete loss of stereotypy of both the song and the underlying motor program. Thus our results show that a basal ganglia-forebrain circuit drives motor exploration required for trial-and-error learning by adding variability to the developing motor program. As learning proceeds and the motor circuits mature, the relative contribution of LMAN is reduced, allowing the premotor input from HVC to drive an increasingly stereotyped song.