Practical Challenges in Formulating Virtual Tests for Structural Composites
Practical Challenges in Formulating Virtual Tests for Structural Composites
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4020-8584-0_3
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发表时间：
2008-06
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
B. Cox;S. Spearing;D. Mumm
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文献类型：
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作者：
B. Cox;S. Spearing;D. Mumm
利用计算方法和失效机制的概念表示的主要最新进展，建模社区正在建立越来越现实的模型，在结构复合材料的损伤演化。虚拟测试的目标似乎是可以实现的，其中大多数（但不是全部）真实的实验测试可以被高保真度的计算机模拟所取代。减少设计和验证复合材料结构的周期时间和成本的回报是非常有吸引力的;并且还出现了考虑材料配置的可能性，这些材料配置太复杂而无法通过纯经验方法进行验证。然而，主要的挑战仍然存在，最重要的是必须参与创建一个功能虚拟测试的许多学科的正式链接。远不止是一个计算模拟，一个虚拟测试必须是一个系统的层次模型，工程测试，和专门的实验室实验，组织来解决的保真度保证信息科学，基于模型的统计分析和决策理论的应用。虚拟测试的结构必须使其能够在当前的知识水平上有效地发挥作用，同时随着新的理论和实验方法的不断发展，可以实现更精确的损伤预防。为了实现第一代虚拟测试系统，我们必须特别注意与理论和实验相联系的未解决问题：我们如何确保损伤模型能够解决所有重要的机制，我们如何校准模型中嵌入的材料属性，以及什么构成了模型预测的充分验证？虚拟测试定义必须包括真实的测试，这些测试的设计方式应使其具有丰富的模型所需信息;并且需要对测试进行基于模型的分析以挖掘信息。到目前为止，这些引人注目的问题已经大大不足的建模和实验社区。基于模型的试验分析仅在非常简单的（线性或连续）工程概念方面进行;对于更复杂的损伤机制的信息丰富的试验尚未定义;事实上，试验需要丰富的信息尚未说明。本文总结了设计实验以提供虚拟测试信息的具体挑战和一些有前途的实验方法。
Taking advantage of major recent advances in computational methods and the conceptual representation of failure mechanisms, the modeling community is building increasingly realistic models of damage evolution in structural composites. The goal of virtual tests appears to be reachable, in which most (but not all) real experimental tests can be replaced by high fidelity computer simulations. The payoff in reduced cycle time and costs for designing and certifying composite structures is very attractive; and the possibility also arises of considering material configurations that are too complex to certify by purely empirical methods. However, major challenges remain, the foremost being the formal linking of the many disciplines that must be involved in creating a functioning virtual test. Far more than being merely a computational simulation, a virtual test must be a system of hierarchical models, engineering tests, and specialized laboratory experiments, organized to address the assurance of fidelity by applications of information science, model-based statistical analysis, and decision theory. The virtual test must be structured so that it can function usefully at current levels of knowledge, while continually evolving as new theories and experimental methods enable more refined depictions of damage.To achieve the first generation of a virtual test system, we must pay special attention to unresolved questions relating to the linking of theory and experiment: how can we assure that damage models address all important mechanisms, how can we calibrate the material properties embedded in the models, and what constitutes sufficient validation of model predictions? The virtual test definition must include real tests that are designed in such a way as to be rich in the information needed to inform models; and model-based analyses of the tests are required to mine the information. To date these compelling issues have been greatly underserved by both the modeling and experimental communities. Model-based analysis of tests has been undertaken only in terms of very simple (linear or continuum) engineering concepts; information-rich tests for more complex damage mechanisms have not been defined; and in fact the information in which experiments need to be rich has not been stated. Specific challenges in designing experiments for informing virtual tests and some promising experimental methods are summarized here.