A NEW MODEL OF DIFFUSE BRAIN INJURY IN RATS .2. MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION
A NEW MODEL OF DIFFUSE BRAIN INJURY IN RATS .2. MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION
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DOI：
10.3171/jns.1994.80.2.0301
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发表时间：
1994-02-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
MARMAROU, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
FODA, MAA;MARMAROU, A
一种新的模型，产生弥漫性脑损伤，没有局灶性脑病变，已在大鼠中开发。这是通过让450克的重量落在固定在动物完整头骨上的金属圆盘上来实现的，该圆盘由泡沫床支撑。通过将下落重物的高度调整为1 m或2 m来检查两个级别的损伤。研究了两组动物。第1组动物分为三个亚组：10只接受1 m的体重下降，58只接受2 m的体重下降，13只作为对照组;所有动物均允许自主呼吸。将第2组动物分为相同的亚组：4只动物接受1 m的重量下降，6只动物接受2 m的重量下降，4只动物作为对照组;所有这些动物在手术期间均接受机械通气。在第1组中，使用光学和电子显微镜的形态学研究进行了1，6，24，或72小时，或10天后的侮辱;所有第2组大鼠进行了研究，在24小时后injure.Results从第1组动物显示，没有死亡发生与1-m水平的损伤，而59%的死亡率与2-m水平的损伤。另一方面，无论诱导的创伤水平如何，第2组动物均未发生死亡。然而，两组中观察到的形态学变化相似。大体病理检查没有发现任何幕上局灶性脑损伤，无论创伤的严重程度。在2-m水平损伤处的脑项目中观察到点状出血。显微镜下，该模型产生了神经元、轴突和微血管的分级广泛损伤。神经元损伤主要见于双侧大脑皮质。在大脑皮质的这些区域和脑干中也观察到以毛细血管周围星形细胞肿胀形式存在的脑水肿。最重要的是，创伤导致大量弥漫性轴索损伤，主要涉及胼胝体、内囊、视神经束、大脑和小脑脚以及脑干中的长束。结论：该模型适用于研究弥漫性脑损伤后神经元、轴突和血管的变化。
A new model producing diffuse brain injury, without focal brain lesions, has been developed in rats. This has been achieved by allowing a weight of 450 gm to fall onto a metallic disc fixed to the intact skull of the animal which is supported by a foam bed. Two levels of injury were examined by adjusting the height of the falling weight to either 1 m or 2 m. Two groups of animals were studied. Group 1 animals were separated into three subgroups: 10 received a 1-m weight drop, 58 received a 2-m weight drop, and 13 served as controls; all were allowed to breathe spontaneously. Group 2 animals were separated into the same subgroups: four received a 1-m weight drop, six received a 2-m weight drop, and four served as controls; all of these were mechanically ventilated during the procedure. In Group 1, morphological studies using light and electron microscopy were performed at 1, 6, 24, or 72 hours, or 10 days after insult; all Group 2 rats were studied at 24 hours after injury.Results from Group 1 animals showed that no mortality occurred with the 1-m level injury, while 59% mortality was seen with the 2-m level injury. On the other hand, no mortality occurred in Group 2 animals regardless of the level of trauma induced. However, the morphological changes observed in both groups were similar. Gross pathological examination did not reveal any supratentorial focal brain lesion regardless of the severity of the trauma. Petechial hemorrhages were noticed in the brain item at the 2-m level injury. Microscopically, the model produced a graded wide spread injury of the neurons, axons, and microvasculature. Neuronal injury was mainly observed bilaterally in the cerebral cortex. Brain edema, in the form of pericapillary astrocytic swelling, was also noted in these areas of the cerebral cortex and in the brain stem. Most importantly, the trauma resulted in a massive diffuse axonal injury that primarily involved the corpus callosum, internal capsule, optic tracts, cerebral and cerebellar peduncles, and the long tracts in the brain stem. lt is concluded that this model would be suitable for studying neuronal, axonal, and vascular changes associated with diffuse brain injury.