Place, people and processes in waste theory: a global South critique
Place, people and processes in waste theory: a global South critique
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DOI：
10.1080/09502386.2017.1420810
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发表时间：
2019-01-02
期刊：
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Bell, Lucy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bell, Lucy
长期以来，人文和社会科学领域的学者一直试图将废物理论化，尤其是人类--他们的历史、社会、文化、艺术和思想--与他们的废弃物之间的关系。然而，我的论点是，自玛丽道格拉斯的《纯洁与危险》（1966）和汤普森的《垃圾理论》（1979）以来，这些理论主要是基于全球北方的背景，同时也把我们的文化、生活、经历和我们的物质排斥之间的距离作为公理。通过将现有的废物文化理论与两个重要的新兴思想流派-环境正义和新唯物主义-交叉，我认为，排斥或边缘化的地方，特别是在全球南部，无数人每天生活在与废物，废物和废物的基础上，导致某些不平衡，偏见和差距。最值得注意的是，在反对人类和非人类废物的理论中，物质废弃物的活力和作用往往被忽视。作为结论，我提出了“生活垃圾”的概念-一个更字面和材料采取鲍曼的著名概念“浪费的生命”-作为一个新的出发点，重新概念化的废物，可能会逃脱流行的二元论和帐户同时为“饱腹”和“空腹”的情况下，人类（浪费）的生命和其他比人类废物材料，以及对生活中的废物的理解。
Scholars across the humanities and social sciences have long sought to theorize waste, and more particularly the relationship between humans - their history, society, culture, art and thought - and their discards. My contention, though, is that these theories, since Mary Douglas's Purity and Danger (1966) and Thompson's Rubbish Theory (1979), have been predominantly based in and on global North contexts and, concomitantly, have taken as their axiom the distance between our cultures, lives, experiences and our material rejects. By intersecting existing cultural theories of waste with two important emerging schools of thought - environmental justice and new materialism - I argue that the exclusion or side-lining of places, notably in the global South where countless people live on a day-to-day basis with, on, and off waste, leads to certain imbalances, biases and gaps. Most notably, the livingness and agency of material rejects is often overlooked in theories that oppose humans and other-than-human waste. By way of conclusion, I propose the notion of 'living waste' - a more literal and material take on Bauman's well-known concept 'wasted lives' - as a new point of departure for a reconceptualization of waste that might escape the prevailing dualisms and account simultaneously for 'full-belly' and 'empty-belly' contexts, human (wasted) lives and other-than-human waste materials, and understandings of lived experiences of waste.