Fundamentals of Crystalline Evolution and Properties of Carbon Nanotube-Reinforced Polyether Ether Ketone Nanocomposites in Fused Filament Fabrication
Fundamentals of Crystalline Evolution and Properties of Carbon Nanotube-Reinforced Polyether Ether Ketone Nanocomposites in Fused Filament Fabrication
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DOI：
10.1021/acsami.3c01307
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发表时间：
2023-04
影响因子：
9.5
通讯作者：
Mia Carrola;Hamed Fallahi;Hilmar Koerner;L. M. Pérez;A. Asadi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mia Carrola;Hamed Fallahi;Hilmar Koerner;L. M. Pérez;A. Asadi
随着熔丝制造（FFF）不断普及，许多研究转向纳米材料或优化打印参数以改善材料的性能；然而，许多人忽视了材料配方和增材制造 (AM) 工艺如何协同设计跨长度尺度的性能演变。使用增材制造评估纳米复合材料的过程中演化，将提供对材料微观结构的基本了解，可以对其进行定制，以创造独特的功能和性能特征。在这项研究中，研究了聚醚醚酮 (PEEK) 在碳纳米管 (CNT) 存在下的结晶行为，作为成核助剂以改善 FFF 加工过程中的结晶。使用各种表征技术和分子动力学模拟，发现挤出长丝的结晶行为与 3D 打印道路的结晶行为有很大不同。此外，打印材料表现出冷结晶，并且CNT的添加增加了打印道路的结晶度，而没有添加CNT的打印道路是非晶态的。由于打印过程中结晶度较高，拉伸强度和模量分别增加了 42% 和 51%。通过对 FFF 中使用的 PEEK-CNT 形态的详细了解，可以对增材制造过程中发生的形态演变有一个基本的了解，从而能够为增材制造工艺配制材料，以实现定制的机械和功能特性，例如结晶度或导电性。
As fused filament fabrication (FFF) continues to gain popularity, many studies are turning to nanomaterials or optimization of printing parameters to improve the materials’ properties; however, many overlook how materials formulation and additive manufacturing (AM) processes cooperatively engineer the evolution of properties across length scales. Evaluating the in-process evolution of the nanocomposite using AM will provide a fundamental understanding of the material’s microstructure, which can be tailored to create unique characteristics in functionality and performance. In this study, the crystallinity behavior of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) was studied in the presence of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as a nucleation aid for improved crystallization during FFF processing. Using various characterization techniques and molecular dynamics simulations, it was discovered that the crystallization behavior of extruded filaments is very different from that of 3D printed roads. Additionally, the printed material exhibited cold crystallization, and the CNT addition increased the crystallization of printed roads, which were amorphous without CNT addition. Tensile strength and modulus were increased by as much as 42 and 51%, respectively, due to higher crystallinity during printing. Detailed knowledge on the morphology of PEEK–CNT used in FFF allows gaining a fundamental understanding of the morphological evolution occurring during the AM process that in turn enables formulating materials for the AM process to achieve tailored mechanical and functional properties, such as crystallinity or conductivity.