Instrumental variables technique: cigarette price provided better estimate of effects of smoking on SF-12.
Instrumental variables technique: cigarette price provided better estimate of effects of smoking on SF-12.
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工具变量技术：卷烟价格可以更好地估计吸烟对 SF-12 的影响。
DOI：
10.1016/j.jclinepi.2003.08.006
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发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Schembri,Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Leigh,JPaul;Schembri,Michael
争论围绕着工具变量（IV）技术在医学研究中的有用性。为这项技术选择一种工具一直存在争议。本研究评估了吸烟对身体功能状态的影响。我们选择了一个特别有效和强大的工具：香烟price.Study设计和设置的数据是一个全国代表性的横截面样本的34,288人年龄在30至91在1996-1997年。样本来自社区跟踪研究。每天吸烟的数量由受试者居住的州的平均香烟价格预测。结果测量是身体功能状态，并通过SF-12身体功能指数进行测量。在多变量模型中，我们发现：每天吸烟与SF-12指数呈强负相关（P<0.001）;香烟价格与每日香烟数量呈强负相关（P=.002）;在线性回归和Tobit回归中，预测的每日吸烟量（IV）与SF-12指数呈强负相关（P= 0.047和P= 0.021）.结论IV方法的估计系数表明吸烟对身体功能状态的影响远大于依赖于传统方法的估计。
OBJECTIVEDebate surrounds the usefulness of the instrumental variables (IV) technique for medical research. The choice of an instrument for the technique has been contentious. This study estimated the effects of smoking on physical functional status. We chose an especially valid and strong instrument: cigarette price.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGThe data were a nationally representative cross-sectional sample of 34,288 persons aged 30 to 91 in 1996–1997. The sample was drawn from the Community Tracking Study. Number of cigarettes smoked per day was predicted by the average cigarette price for the state in which the subject resided. The outcome measure was physical functional status and was measured by the SF-12 physical functional index.RESULTSIn multivariable models we found the following: cigarettes per day was strongly and negatively associated with the SF-12 index (P<.001); cigarette price was strongly and negatively associated with cigarettes per day (P=.002); the predicted cigarettes per day (the IV) was strongly and negatively associated with the SF-12 index in linear regression and tobit regression (P=.047 and P=.021).CONCLUSIONEstimated coefficients from the IV method suggested that the effect of smoking on physical functional status was substantially larger than estimates that relied on conventional methods.
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小鼠胆碱缺乏的病理学；
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1955
期刊：
A.M.A. archives of pathology
影响因子：
--
作者：
G. Buckley;W. Hartroft
通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1080/01635588509513849
发表时间：
1985
期刊：
Nutrition and cancer
影响因子：
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作者：
Lombardi,B;Ove,P;Reddy,TV
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Reddy,TV
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影响因子：
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作者：
Goldsworthy,T;Campbell,HA;Pitot,HC
通讯作者：
Pitot,HC
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
REDDY, MV;GUPTA, RC;RANDERATH, K
通讯作者：
RANDERATH, K
给予多剂量 2-乙酰氨基菲的大鼠靶组织和非靶组织中 DNA 加合物的形成和去除。
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Gupta,RC;Earley,K;Fullerton,NF;Beland,FA
通讯作者：
Beland,FA