Ancient DNA and bioarchaeological perspectives on European and African diversity and relationships on the colonial Delaware frontier
Ancient DNA and bioarchaeological perspectives on European and African diversity and relationships on the colonial Delaware frontier
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DOI：
10.1002/ajpa.23887
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发表时间：
2019-07-04
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Schurr，Theodore G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fleskes，Raquel E.;Bruwelheide，Karin S.;Schurr，Theodore G.
目的对特拉华州一个世纪晚期至18世纪早期的农场遗址的11具骨骼进行古代DNA（aDNA）和标准骨骼学分析，以调查殖民美洲定居和奴隶制的生物和社会因素。对所有个体进行测序，并将所得数据与考古学和文献证据相结合。欧洲人和非洲人后裔在这个殖民地墓地中被空间分隔开。骨骼遗骸在骨骼学特征和母亲遗传祖先方面表现出差异。一个特定的mtDNA单倍型出现在欧洲后裔个体的一个子集中，表明他们是母系相关的。非洲人后裔的个体没有母系关系，而是表现出多样性的单倍型隶属于今天的西部，中部和东部regionsofAfrica.DiscussionAlong生物考古学和文献证据，aDNA的研究结果有助于我们了解生活的殖民地特拉华州边境。该遗址欧洲后裔个体之间的母系亲缘关系证据表明，世纪特拉华州存在以亲属为基础的定居点，并提供了个体的初步鉴定。非洲裔个体的母系遗传多样性与跨大西洋奴隶贸易的路线一致，但拓宽了我们对参与其中的人的祖先的理解。非洲裔个体之间的埋葬定位，骨骼病理学和缺乏母系亲属关系为世纪后期特拉华州出现种族化劳动和社会提供了切实的证据。
ObjectivesAncient DNA (aDNA) and standard osteological analyses applied to 11 skeletons at a late 17th to early 18th century farmstead site in Delaware to investigate the biological and social factors of settlement and slavery in colonial America.Materials and methodsOsteological analysis and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequencing were conducted for all individuals and the resulting data contextualized with archaeological and documentary evidence.ResultsIndividuals of European and African descent were spatially separated in this colonial cemetery. The skeletal remains exhibited differences in osteological features and maternal genetic ancestry. A specific mtDNA haplotype appeared in a subset of the European‐descended individuals suggesting they were maternally related. Individuals of African descent were not maternally related, and instead showed a diversity of haplotypes affiliated with present‐day Western, Central, and Eastern regions of Africa.DiscussionAlong with the bioarchaeological and documentary evidence, the aDNA findings contribute to our understanding of life on the colonial Delaware frontier. Evidence of maternal relatedness among European‐descended individuals at the site demonstrates kin‐based settlements in 17th century Delaware and provides preliminary identifications of individuals. The maternal genetic diversity of the individuals with African descent aligns with the routes of the trans‐Atlantic slave trade but broadens our understanding of the ancestries of persons involved in it. Burial positioning, osteological pathology, and lack of maternal kinship among individuals of African descent provide tangible evidence for the emergence of racialized labor and society in Delaware during the late 17th century.