VARIATIONS IN PATTERN OF PUBERTAL CHANGES IN GIRLS
VARIATIONS IN PATTERN OF PUBERTAL CHANGES IN GIRLS
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DOI：
10.1136/adc.44.235.291
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发表时间：
1969-01-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
TANNER, JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MARSHALL, WA;TANNER, JM
在英国，有些女孩开始在10岁或11岁时初潮，而其他同样健康的女孩可能要到14岁、15岁甚至更大才经历初潮。然而，月经初潮只是构成青春期的一系列生理变化中的一个单独事件。青春期的生长突增、乳房的发育和阴毛的生长大致同时发生，从开始到完成平均需要3年，月经初潮通常发生在这一时期的后半期（坦纳，1962）。目前，我们缺乏关于女孩进入青春期的速度以及一个事件与另一个事件之间关系的详细资料。只有纵向研究（即在一段时间内重复检查同一个体的研究）才能提供这种信息，这将有助于临床医生区分正常与异常，并有助于神经内分泌学家构建有关青春期控制机制的假设。目前的知识是基于一代人以前对美国少数儿童进行的研究，以及德国对类似时期的一些研究（文献见坦纳，1962）。最近欧洲唯一一项纵向跟踪青春期事件的研究是哈彭登生长研究，该研究于19年前在英国开始，目前仍在进行中。在整个青春期，每隔3个月进行一次人体测量，并记录乳房和阴毛的发育情况。虽然这些数据可能会受到某些偏见，下面讨论，他们提供的信息没有其他来源。
In Great Britain some girls begin to menstruate in their 10th or 11th years, while others who are equally healthy may not experience menarche until they'are 14, 15, or even older. Menarche is, however, only a single event in the combination of physical changes which constitute puberty. The adolescent growth spurt, the development of the breasts, and the growth of the pubic hair occur more or less concurrently, and take, on the average, about 3 years from beginning to completion, with menarche occurring usually in the latter half of this period (Tanner, 1962). At present we lack detailed information about the rate at which girls progress through the stages of puberty and about the relation of one event to another. Only longitudinal studies (ie studies in which the same individuals are examined repeatedly over a period of time) can provide this information, which would be helpful both to the clinician in distinguishing the normal from the abnormal, and to the neuro-endocrinologist in constructing hypo-theses about the mechanisms by which puberty is controlled. Present knowledge is based on studies carried out on small numbers of children in the United States a generation ago, together with some German studies of a similar period (for literature see Tanner, 1962). The only recent European study in which the events of puberty have been followed longitudinally is the Harpenden Growth Study, which began 19 years ago in England and is stillin progress. Anthropometric measurements have been taken, and the development of the breasts and pubic hair have been recordedphotographically at 3-monthly intervals throughout puberty. Though these data may be subject to certain biases, discussed below, they provide information availablefrom no other source.