Life event, stress and illness.
Life event, stress and illness.
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生活事件、压力和疾病。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
M. R. Salleh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. R. Salleh
压力和疾病之间的关系是复杂的。对压力的敏感性因人而异。影响应激易感性的因素有遗传易感性、应对方式、人格类型和社会支持。并非所有的压力都有负面影响。研究表明，短期压力会增强免疫系统，但慢性压力会对免疫系统产生重大影响，最终表现为疾病。它提高了儿茶酚胺和抑制性T细胞的水平，从而抑制了免疫系统。这种抑制反过来又增加了病毒感染的风险。压力也会导致组胺的释放，这会引发哮喘患者严重的支气管收缩。压力会增加患糖尿病的风险，特别是在超重的人中，因为心理压力会改变胰岛素的需求。压力也会改变胃酸的浓度，从而导致消化性溃疡、应激性溃疡或溃疡性结肠炎。慢性压力也会导致动脉粥样硬化，特别是如果与高脂肪饮食和久坐不动的生活相结合。压力性生活事件与精神疾病之间的相关性比与医疗或身体疾病之间的相关性更强。压力与精神疾病的关系在神经症中最强，其次是抑郁症和精神分裂症。没有科学证据表明免疫系统变化与癌症发展之间存在直接的因果关系。然而，最近的研究发现压力，肿瘤发展和自然杀伤（NK）细胞的抑制之间存在联系，NK细胞积极参与预防转移和破坏小转移。
The relationship between stress and illness is complex. The susceptibility to stress varies from person to person. Among the factors that influenced the susceptibility to stress are genetic vulnerability, coping style, type of personality and social support. Not all stress has negative effect. Studies have shown that short-term stress boosted the immune system, but chronic stress has a significant effect on the immune system that ultimately manifest an illness. It raises catecholamine and suppressor T cells levels, which suppress the immune system. This suppression, in turn raises the risk of viral infection. Stress also leads to the release of histamine, which can trigger severe broncho-constriction in asthmatics. Stress increases the risk for diabetes mellitus, especially in overweight individuals, since psychological stress alters insulin needs. Stress also alters the acid concentration in the stomach, which can lead to peptic ulcers, stress ulcers or ulcerative colitis. Chronic stress can also lead to plaque buildup in the arteries (atherosclerosis), especially if combined with a high-fat diet and sedentary living. The correlation between stressful life events and psychiatric illness is stronger than the correlation with medical or physical illness. The relationship of stress with psychiatric illness is strongest in neuroses, which is followed by depression and schizophrenia. There is no scientific evidence of a direct cause-and-effect relationship between the immune system changes and the development of cancer. However, recent studies found a link between stress, tumour development and suppression of natural killer (NK) cells, which is actively involved in preventing metastasis and destroying small metastases.
抑郁症状作为艾滋病毒感染医疗结果的预测因子。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1993
期刊：
JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association
影响因子：
--
作者：
Lyketsos,CG;Hoover,DR;Guccione,M;Senterfitt,W;Dew,MA;Wesch,J;VanRaden,MJ;Treisman,GJ;Morgenstern,H
通讯作者：
Morgenstern,H
DOI：
10.1164/ajrccm.165.8.2109065
发表时间：
2002-04-15
影响因子：
24.7
作者：
Liu, LY;Coe, CL;Busse, WW
通讯作者：
Busse, WW