Electronic cigarettes: abuse liability, topography and subjective effects
Electronic cigarettes: abuse liability, topography and subjective effects
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DOI：
10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2013-051489
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发表时间：
2014-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Hoffman, Allison C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Evans, Sarah E.;Hoffman, Allison C.
目的回顾现有的证据评估滥用倾向，地形，主观影响，渴望和戒断抑制与电子烟的使用，以确定信息差距，并为未来的研究提供建议。方法2012年10月和2014年1月之间进行的文献检索使用5个电子数据库。如果研究是同行评议的科学期刊文章，评估临床实验室研究，国家调查或内容analysis.Results共15同行评议的文章，关于行为使用和电子烟的影响发表在2010年和2014年之间被列入本审查。滥用责任研究的普遍性有限。拓扑学（消费行为）研究发现，与传统香烟相比，电子烟的平均抽吸持续时间明显更长，使用电子烟需要更强的吸力。关于电子烟主观影响（如焦虑、不安、注意力集中、警觉和满意度）和戒断抑制的数据有限且不一致。在一般情况下，研究数据应谨慎解释，与新产品和普通产品的比较相关的限制，以及与受试者以前的经验/经验不足与电子烟相关的可能影响。结论目前，非常有限的信息是关于滥用的责任，地形和电子烟的主观影响。有机会在各种环境中与有经验的电子烟使用者一起检查电子烟的长期使用，将有助于更全面地评估地形以及行为和主观结果。此外，对实际使用情况的评估，包括使用的数量和时间以及对使用的反应，将澄清行为特征和潜在的不良健康影响。
Objective To review the available evidence evaluating the abuse liability, topography, subjective effects, craving and withdrawal suppression associated with e-cigarette use in order to identify information gaps and provide recommendations for future research.Methods Literature searches were conducted between October 2012 and January 2014 using five electronic databases. Studies were included in this review if they were peer-reviewed scientific journal articles evaluating clinical laboratory studies, national surveys or content analyses.Results A total of 15 peer-reviewed articles regarding behavioural use and effects of e-cigarettes published between 2010 and 2014 were included in this review. Abuse liability studies are limited in their generalisability. Topography (consumption behaviour) studies found that, compared with traditional cigarettes, e-cigarette average puff duration was significantly longer, and e-cigarette use required stronger suction. Data on e-cigarette subjective effects (such as anxiety, restlessness, concentration, alertness and satisfaction) and withdrawal suppression are limited and inconsistent. In general, study data should be interpreted with caution, given limitations associated with comparisons of novel and usual products, as well as the possible effects associated with subjects' previous experience/inexperience with e-cigarettes.Conclusions Currently, very limited information is available on abuse liability, topography and subjective effects of e-cigarettes. Opportunities to examine extended e-cigarette use in a variety of settings with experienced e-cigarette users would help to more fully assess topography as well as behavioural and subjective outcomes. In addition, assessment of real-world' use, including amount and timing of use and responses to use, would clarify behavioural profiles and potential adverse health effects.